地理擴散

地理擴散(Geodispersal)是一個與地理隔離相對的過程,指阻擋兩個生態系統種群之間發生交流的地理屏障消失後,兩個生態系統種群開始逐步融合的過程。地理擴散的一個例子是巴拿馬地峽在300萬年前形成後,南北美洲大陸動植物間發生的南北美洲生物大遷徙[1][2][3]

參考

  1. ^ Albert, J. S. The Geography and Ecology of Diversification in Neotropical Freshwaters. Nature Education Knowledge. 2010, 1 (10): 13 [2018-08-20]. (原始内容存档于2019-03-31). 
  2. ^ Ali, Syed Shujait; Pfosser, Martin; Wetschnig, Wolfgang; Martínez-Azorín, Mario; Crespo, Manuel B.; Yu, Yan. Out of Africa: Miocene Dispersal, Vicariance, and Extinction within Hyacinthaceae Subfamily Urgineoideae. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology. 2013-10-01, 55 (10): 950–964 [2018-08-20]. ISSN 1744-7909. doi:10.1111/jipb.12065. (原始内容存档于2017-11-15) (英语). 
  3. ^ James S. Albert; Roberto E. Reis. Historical Biogeography of Neotropical Freshwater Fishes. University of California Press. 8 March 2011: 308 [28 June 2011]. ISBN 9780520268685. (原始内容存档于2013-09-10).