西芒托学院
(重定向自实验科学院)
西芒托学院(Accademia del Cimento)是一个早期的科学团体,由伽利略的学生乔瓦尼·阿方索·博雷利与温琴佐·维维亚尼于1657年在佛罗伦萨创立,并获得了托斯卡纳大公斐迪南二世·德·美第奇与其弟莱奥波尔多·德·美第奇的资助。学院前后共存在十余年,是历史上最早的科学团体之一。
西芒托学院十分强调实验,其座右铭即为“尝试再尝试”(Provando e riprovando)。学院在科学实验的早期发展过程中发挥了重要作用。学院成员尝试使实验过程标准化,并利用各种仪器进行科学探索。
参考文献
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- Boschiero, Luciano. Experiment and Natural Philosophy in Seventeenth-Century Tuscany: The History of the Accademia del Cimento. Springer. 2007. ISBN 0-85115-594-4.
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- Feingold, Mordechai. Marco Beretta , 编. The Accademia del Cimento and its European context. Watson Publishing. 2009. ISBN 0-88135-387-6.
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- Iliffe, Rob. Marco Beretta , 编. The Accademia del Cimento and its European context. Watson Publishing. 2009. ISBN 0-88135-387-6.
- Meli, Domenico Bertoloni. Marco Beretta , 编. The Accademia del Cimento and its European context. Watson Publishing. 2009. ISBN 0-88135-387-6.
- Middleton, W.E. Knowles. The Experimenters: A Study of The Accademia del Cimento. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins Press. 1971. ISBN 0-8018-1250-X.
- Ornstein, Martha. The rôle of scientific societies in the seventeenth century. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL. 1913.
- Strano, Giorgio. Marco Beretta , 编. The Accademia del Cimento and its European context. Watson Publishing. 2009. ISBN 0-88135-387-6.