海洋生態系統
海洋生態系統是地球水域生態系統中最大的一個部份,海面佔據著地球上三分之二的面積,包括海洋、鹽沼、潮間帶、河口、潟湖、紅樹林等等,這些地點支持著眾多生物的生存。
海洋生態系統不僅對海洋生物重要,對陸地環境也有著很大程度的影響。沿海棲息地佔據了海洋中三分之一的生物生產力,河口生態系統和珊瑚礁也是極重要的一部份。[1] 因為生物多樣性豐富,所以海洋生態系統對入侵物種的抵抗能力較強 。[2]
參見
参考文献
- ^ Marine Ecosystems | Biological Indicators of Watershed Health | US EPA. [2013-07-06]. (原始内容存档于2012-11-06).
- ^ Stachowicz, Fried, Osman, Whitlatch ESA Online Journals - BIODIVERSITY, INVASION RESISTANCE, AND MARINE ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION: RECONCILING PATTERN AND PROCESS[永久失效連結]
擴展閱讀
- Barange M, Field JG, Harris RP, Eileen E, Hofmann EE, Perry RI and Werner F (2010) Marine Ecosystems and Global Change (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-955802-5
- Boyd IL, Wanless S and Camphuysen CJ (2006) Top predators in marine ecosystems: their role in monitoring and management (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) Volume 12 of Conservation biology series. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-84773-5
- Davenport J (2008) Challenges to Marine Ecosystems: Proceedings of the 41st European Marine Biology Symposium (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) Volume 202 of Developments in hydrobiology. ISBN 978-1-4020-8807-0
- Levner E, Linkov I and Proth J (2005) Strategic management of marine ecosystems (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) Springer. Volume 50 of NATO Science Series IV. ISBN 978-1-4020-3158-8
- Mann KH and Lazier JRN (2006) Dynamics of marine ecosystems: biological-physical interactions in the oceans (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4051-1118-8
- Moustakas A and Karakassis I (2005) "How diverse is aquatic biodiversity research?" Aquatic Ecology, 39: 367-375.]
外部連結
- Marine Ecosystems (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) US Environmental Protection Agency.
- Marine ecosystem (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (2008). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved October 11, 2008, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
- Smithsonian Ocean Portal (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)