火星雅丹地貌

雅丹地貌(Yardangs)在火星上某些地区很常见,尤其在亚马逊区和赤道附近的梅杜莎槽沟层[1],它们是由风扬起的沙粒侵蚀而形成,因此,通常指向盛行风刮起时的方向[2] [3]。由于雅丹地貌上很少出现撞击坑,所以它们被认为相对年轻[4]。梅杜莎槽沟层易受侵蚀的性质表明,它们是由弱胶结的颗粒所组成,很可能是由风吹尘埃或沉积的火山灰构成。雅丹地貌是岩石的一部分,通过被风刮起的沙粒冲刷成嶙峋细长的山脊[5][6],在部分构造中可看到分层。在海盗号[7]火星全球探勘者号 [8]高分辨率成像科学设备[9]拍摄的照片中观察到雅丹地貌顶部有一层耐蚀冠岩。来自探测器的图像显示,可能由于其物理性质、成分、粒度和/或胶结的明显变化,它们具有不同的硬度。

好奇号漫游车远程显微成像仪放大的夏普山雅丹地貌-第1994个火星日

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参考文献

  1. ^ SAO/NASA ADS Astronomy Abstract Service: Yardangs on Mars页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Journal of Geophysical Research Vol. 84, Issue B14, 30 December 1979. https://doi.org/10.1029/JB084iB14p08147页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  2. ^ Yardangs on Mars页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), ESA Mars Express, 23 Jul 2004
  3. ^ ESA High-resolution image, Yardangs on Mars near Olympus Mons on Mars页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), image taken by the High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) on board the ESA Mars Express spacecraft.
  4. ^ THEMIS image of Medusae Fossae Formation页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), ASU, 2002-04-16
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Yardangs in Arsinoes Chaos页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) University of Arizona HiRISE Operations, 04 January 2015
  6. ^ HiRISE | Yardangs in Arsinoes Chaos (ESP_039563_1730). [2022-04-01]. (原始内容存档于2016-06-02). 
  7. ^ Scott, David H.; Tanaka, Kenneth L. Ignimbrites of Amazonis Planitia Region of Mars. Journal of Geophysical Research. 1982, 87: 1179–1190. Bibcode:1982JGR....87.1179S. doi:10.1029/JB087iB02p01179. 
  8. ^ Malin, MC; Carr, MH; Danielson, GE; Davies, ME; Hartmann, WK; Ingersoll, AP; James, PB; Masursky, H; et al. Early views of the martian surface from the Mars Orbiter Camera of Mars Global Surveyor. Science. March 1998, 279 (5357): 1681–5. Bibcode:1998Sci...279.1681M. PMID 9497280. doi:10.1126/science.279.5357.1681 . 
  9. ^ Mandt, Kathleen E.; De Silva, Shanaka L.; Zimbelman, James R.; Crown, David A. The origin of the Medusae Fossae Formation, Mars: Insights from a synoptic approach. Journal of Geophysical Research. 2008, 113: 12011. Bibcode:2008JGRE..11312011M. doi:10.1029/2008JE003076 . hdl:10088/7052.