特殊 (Unicode區段)
包含一些特殊代码点和两个非字符的Unicode块
此條目介紹的是收录缺字字符的Unicode区段。关于表示无法辨认或无法查明的字的标点符号，请见「虚缺号」。特殊字符是Unicode的一个简短的区段，分配在基本多文种平面的最末端，位于U+FFF0-FFFF。在这16个码位中，有5个是从Unicode 3.0开始分配的。
- U+FFF9 行间注解锚，标志着注解文本的开始。
- U+FFFA 行间注解分隔符，标记注解字符的开始。
- U+FFFB 行间注解終止符，标志着注解块的结束。
- U+FFFC  OBJECT REPLACEMENT CHARACTER，在文本中为另一个未指定的对象提供占位符，例如在一个复合文件中。
- U+FFFD � REPLACEMENT CHARACTER（替换字符），用于替换一个未知的、不被认可的或无法表示的字符。
- U+FFFE <非字符-FFFE> 不是一个字符。
- U+FFFF <非字符-FFFF> 不是一个字符。
| 特殊字符 Specials | |
|---|---|
| 範圍 | U+FFF0..U+FFFF （16個碼位） |
| 平面 | 基本多文種平面（BMP） |
| 文字 | 通用 |
| 已分配 | 5個碼位 |
| 未分配 | 9個保留碼位 2個非字符 |
| 統一碼版本歷史 | |
| 1.0.0 | 1 (+1) |
| 2.1 | 2 (+1) |
| 3.0 | 5 (+3) |
| 碼表 | |
| 點擊此處 | |
| 註釋：[1][2] | |
FFFE和FFFF不是通常意义上的未分配字符，但不是Unicode字符。它们可以用来猜测一个文本的编码方案，因为根据定义，任何包含这些的文本都不是一个正确编码的Unicode文本。Unicode的U+FEFF BYTE ORDER MARK字符可以插在Unicode文本的开头，以表示它的字节性：一个程序在阅读这样的文本并遇到0xFFFE时，就会知道它应该为后面的所有字符转换字节顺序。
它在Unicode 1.0中的区段名是特殊。[3]
| 特殊字符[1][2][3] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| U+FFFx | IAA | IAS | IAT |  | � | |||||||||||
| 注释 | ||||||||||||||||
歷史
以下Unicode文檔記錄了定義本區塊中特定字符的目的與過程：
| 版本 | 最終碼位[a] | 碼位数 | L2 ID | WG2 ID | 文檔 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0.0 | U+FFFD | 1 | (to be determined) | |||
| U+FFFE..FFFF | 2 | (to be determined) | ||||
| L2/01-295R | Moore, Lisa, Motion 88-M2, Minutes from the UTC/L2 meeting #88, 2001-11-06 | |||||
| L2/01-355 | N2369 (html, doc （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）) | Davis, Mark, Request to allow FFFF, FFFE in UTF-8 in the text of ISO/IEC 10646, 2001-09-26 | ||||
| L2/02-154 | N2403 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Umamaheswaran, V. S., 9.3 Allowing FFFF and FFFE in UTF-8, Draft minutes of WG 2 meeting 41, Hotel Phoenix, Singapore, 2001-10-15/19, 2002-04-22 | ||||
| 2.1 | U+FFFC | 1 | UTC/1995-056 | Sargent, Murray, Recommendation to encode a WCH_EMBEDDING character, 1995-12-06 | ||
| UTC/1996-002 | Aliprand, Joan; Hart, Edwin; Greenfield, Steve, Embedded Objects, UTC #67 Minutes, 1996-03-05 | |||||
| N1365 | Sargent, Murray, Proposal Summary – Object Replacement Character, 1996-03-18 | |||||
| N1353 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike, 8.14, Draft minutes of WG2 Copenhagen Meeting # 30, 1996-06-25 | |||||
| L2/97-288 | N1603 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Umamaheswaran, V. S., 7.3, Unconfirmed Meeting Minutes, WG 2 Meeting # 33, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, 20 June – 4 July 1997, 1997-10-24 | ||||
| L2/98-004R | N1681 | Text of ISO 10646 – AMD 18 for PDAM registration and FPDAM ballot, 1997-12-22 | ||||
| L2/98-070 | Aliprand, Joan; Winkler, Arnold, Additional comments regarding 2.1, Minutes of the joint UTC and L2 meeting from the meeting in Cupertino, February 25-27, 1998 | |||||
| L2/98-318 | N1894 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Revised text of 10646-1/FPDAM 18, AMENDMENT 18: Symbols and Others, 1998-10-22 | ||||
| 3.0 | U+FFF9..FFFB | 3 | L2/97-255R | Aliprand, Joan, 3.D Proposal for In-Line Notation (ruby), Approved Minutes – UTC #73 & L2 #170 joint meeting, Palo Alto, CA – August 4-5, 1997, 1997-12-03 | ||
| L2/98-055 | Freytag, Asmus, Support for Implementing Inline and Interlinear Annotations, 1998-02-22 | |||||
| L2/98-070 | Aliprand, Joan; Winkler, Arnold, 3.C.5. Support for implementing inline and interlinear annotations, Minutes of the joint UTC and L2 meeting from the meeting in Cupertino, February 25-27, 1998 | |||||
| L2/98-099 | N1727 | Freytag, Asmus, Support for Implementing Interlinear Annotations as used in East Asian Typography, 1998-03-18 | ||||
| L2/98-158 | Aliprand, Joan; Winkler, Arnold, Inline and Interlinear Annotations, Draft Minutes – UTC #76 & NCITS Subgroup L2 #173 joint meeting, Tredyffrin, Pennsylvania, April 20-22, 1998, 1998-05-26 | |||||
| L2/98-286 | N1703 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike, 8.14, Unconfirmed Meeting Minutes, WG 2 Meeting #34, Redmond, WA, USA; 1998-03-16--20, 1998-07-02 | ||||
| L2/98-270 | Hiura, Hideki; Kobayashi, Tatsuo, Suggestion to the inline and interlinear annotation proposal, 1998-07-29 | |||||
| L2/98-281R (pdf, html （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）) | Aliprand, Joan, In-Line and Interlinear Annotation (III.C.1.c), Unconfirmed Minutes – UTC #77 & NCITS Subgroup L2 # 174 JOINT MEETING, Redmond, WA -- July 29-31, 1998, 1998-07-31 | |||||
| L2/98-363 | N1861 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Sato, T. K., Ruby markers, 1998-09-01 | ||||
| L2/98-372 | N1884R2 (pdf, doc （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）) | Whistler, Ken; et al, Additional Characters for the UCS, 1998-09-22 | ||||
| L2/98-416 | N1882.zip | Support for Implementing Interlinear Annotations, 1998-09-23 | ||||
| L2/98-329 | N1920 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Combined PDAM registration and consideration ballot on WD for ISO/IEC 10646-1/Amd. 30, AMENDMENT 30: Additional Latin and other characters, 1998-10-28 | ||||
| L2/98-421R | Suignard, Michel; Hiura, Hideki, Notes concerning the PDAM 30 interlinear annotation characters, 1998-12-04 | |||||
| L2/99-010 | N1903 (pdf, html （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, doc （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）) | Umamaheswaran, V. S., 8.2.15, Minutes of WG 2 meeting 35, London, U.K.; 1998-09-21--25, 1998-12-30 | ||||
| L2/98-419 (pdf, doc （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）) | Aliprand, Joan, Interlinear Annotation Characters, Approved Minutes -- UTC #78 & NCITS Subgroup L2 # 175 Joint Meeting, San Jose, CA -- December 1-4, 1998, 1999-02-05 | |||||
| UTC/1999-021 | Duerst, Martin; Bosak, Jon, W3C XML CG statement on annotation characters, 1999-06-08 | |||||
| L2/99-176R | Moore, Lisa, W3C Liaison Statement on Annotation Characters, Minutes from the joint UTC/L2 meeting in Seattle, June 8-10, 1999, 1999-11-04 | |||||
| L2/01-301 | Whistler, Ken, E. Indicated as "strongly discouraged" for plain text interchange, Analysis of Character Deprecation in the Unicode Standard, 2001-08-01 | |||||
| ||||||
參考資料
- ^ Unicode character database. The Unicode Standard. [2016-07-09]. （原始内容存档于2022-09-25）.
- ^ Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard. The Unicode Standard. [2016-07-09]. （原始内容存档于2016-06-29）.
- ^ 3.8: Block-by-Block Charts (PDF). The Unicode Standard. version 1.0. Unicode Consortium. [2022-09-30]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-02-11）.