狂犬病免疫球蛋白
狂犬病免疫球蛋白(Rabies immunoglobulin,RIG)是一种由狂犬病病毒的抗体组成的药物[10]。再接触狂犬病後,可以注射以预防發病[10]。用肥皂和水或聚维酮碘清洗伤口后,再注射一個疗程的狂犬病疫苗[10]。將药物注射至傷口處和肌肉中[10]。之前已接种过狂犬病疫苗的人无需接受免疫球蛋白的治療[11]。
臨床資料 | |
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商品名 | Imogam Rabies-HT, Kedrab, Hyperrab, others |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
懷孕分級 | |
给药途径 | 肌肉注射 |
ATC碼 | |
法律規範狀態 | |
法律規範 | |
识别信息 | |
DrugBank | |
ChemSpider |
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UNII |
常见副作用包括注射部位疼痛、发烧和头痛[10]。罕见副作用,包括|过敏性休克等严重过敏反应[12]。目前在怀孕期的安全性仍不清楚[10]。作用機轉是在狂犬病毒进入神經組織前,先与它结合[10]。病毒进入中樞神經系統后,狂犬免疫球蛋白就沒有療效[10]。
狂犬病免疫球蛋白以血清形式使用的历史可以追溯到 1891 年[13]。 20 世纪 50 年代後,开始广泛用於醫療上[14]。名列世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单[15]。狂犬病免疫球蛋白价格昂贵,在发展中国家很难获得[16]。有些版本是由血中抗体濃度較高的人或马的血浆制成[10] [17]。马的版本价格较低,但副作用发生率较高[17] [14]。已有多种单克隆抗体版本可以取得[18]。
参考文獻
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Kamrab. Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 23 August 2021 [10 September 2021].
- ^ Kamrab PI. Health Canada. 25 April 2012 [10 September 2021].
- ^ Imogam PI. Health Canada. 25 April 2012 [10 September 2021].
- ^ Hyperrab S/D PI. Health Canada. 25 April 2012 [10 September 2021].
- ^ Drug and medical device highlights 2018: Helping you maintain and improve your health. Health Canada. 14 October 2020 [17 April 2024].
- ^ Imogam Rabies-HT - human rabies virus immune globulin injection, solution. DailyMed. [24 March 2020].
- ^ Kedrab- human rabies virus immune globulin injection, solution. DailyMed. [24 March 2020].
- ^ Hyperrab (rabies immune globulin- human injection, solution. DailyMed. [24 March 2020].
- ^ Hyperrab S/D (rabies immune globulin- human injection. DailyMed. [10 September 2021].
- ^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 Rabies Immune Globulin. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [8 January 2017]. (原始内容存档于9 January 2017).
- ^ World Health Organization. WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. 2009: 398. ISBN 9789241547659.
- ^ British national formulary : BNF 69 69. British Medical Association. 2015: 869. ISBN 9780857111562.
- ^ Plotkin, [edited by] Stanley A.; Orenstein, Walter A.; Offit, Paul A. Vaccines 6th. [Edinburgh]: Elsevier/Saunders. 2013: 659. ISBN 978-1455700905. (原始内容存档于2017-01-09) (英语).
- ^ 14.0 14.1 Jong, Elaine C.; Zuckerman, Jane N. Travelers' Vaccines. PMPH-USA. 2004: 205. ISBN 9781550092257. (原始内容存档于2017-01-09) (英语).
- ^ World Health Organization. World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2019. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- ^ Tintinalli, Judith E. Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide (Emergency Medicine (Tintinalli)) 7. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies. 2010: 1054. ISBN 978-0-07-148480-0.
- ^ 17.0 17.1 Research Advances in Rabies. Academic Press. 2011: 351. ISBN 9780123870414. (原始内容存档于2017-01-09) (英语).
- ^ Fan, L; Zhang, L; Li, J; Zhu, F. Advances in the progress of monoclonal antibodies for rabies.. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics. 31 December 2022, 18 (1): 2026713. PMID 35172707. doi:10.1080/21645515.2022.2026713.