痛觉过敏

痛觉过敏是一种对过度敏感的异常状态,原因可能是伤害感受器末梢神经受损,其中起到关键作用的化学物质为前列腺素E和F[1]鸭嘴兽[2]、长期服用鸦片类药物[3]都会造成痛觉过敏。依照痛感发生部位的不同,它可分为原发性痛觉过敏和继发性痛觉过敏两种。

神经性疼痛触模痛等神经障碍引发的疼痛一样,痛觉过敏可以通过SSRI、三环抗抑郁药[4][5]非甾体类抗炎药[6]糖皮质激素[7]加巴喷丁[8]普瑞巴林[9]NMDA受体拮抗剂[10][11][12] 来治疗。换用非典型鸦片类药物如曲马朵也有利于减缓病情[13]

参考文献

  1. ^ Clinical Pharmacology. www.clinicalpharmacology-ip.com. [2017-06-25]. (原始内容存档于2019-12-10). 
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  5. ^ Matsuzawa-Yanagida K, Narita M, Nakajima M, et al. Usefulness of antidepressants for improving the neuropathic pain-like state and pain-induced anxiety through actions at different brain sites. Neuropsychopharmacology. July 2008, 33 (8): 1952–65. PMID 17957217. doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301590. 
  6. ^ Koppert W, Wehrfritz A, Körber N, et al. The cyclooxygenase isozyme inhibitors parecoxib and paracetamol reduce central hyperalgesia in humans. Pain. March 2004, 108 (1–2): 148–53. PMID 15109518. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2003.12.017. 
  7. ^ Stubhaug A, Romundstad L, Kaasa T, Breivik H. Methylprednisolone and Ketorolac rapidly reduce hyperalgesia around a skin burn injury and increase pressure pain thresholds. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. October 2007, 51 (9): 1138–46. PMID 17714578. doi:10.1111/j.1399-6576.2007.01415.x. 
  8. ^ Gottrup H, Juhl G, Kristensen AD, et al. Chronic oral Gabapentin reduces elements of central sensitization in human experimental Hyperalgesia.. Anesthesiology. December 2004, 101 (6): 1400–08. PMID 15564948. doi:10.1097/00000542-200412000-00021. 
  9. ^ Chizh BA, Göhring M, Tröster A, Quartey GK, Schmelz M, Koppert W. Effects of oral pregabalin and aprepitant on pain and central sensitization in the electrical hyperalgesia model in human volunteers. Br J Anaesth. February 2007, 98 (2): 246–54. PMID 17251214. doi:10.1093/bja/ael344 . 
  10. ^ Warncke T, Stubhaug A, Jørum E. Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, suppresses spatial and temporal properties of burn-induced secondary Hyperalgesia in man: a double-blind, cross-over comparison with morphine and placebo.. Pain. August 1997, 72 (1–2): 99–106. PMID 9272793. doi:10.1016/S0304-3959(97)00006-7. 
  11. ^ De Kock MF, Lavand'homme PM. The clinical role of NMDA receptor antagonists for the treatment of postoperative pain. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. March 2007, 21 (1): 85–98. PMID 17489221. doi:10.1016/j.bpa.2006.12.006. 
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  13. ^ Christoph T, Kögel B, Strassburger W, Schug SA. Tramadol has a better potency ratio relative to morphine in neuropathic than in nociceptive pain models. Drugs in R&D. 2007, 8 (1): 51–57. PMID 17249849. doi:10.2165/00126839-200708010-00005. 

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