阿富汗難民
(重定向自阿富汗难民)
阿富汗难民是因為阿富汗戰爭、迫害(哈扎拉人)、酷刑和种族灭绝而被迫背井离乡的阿富汗公民。1978年四月革命和1979年苏阿战争開啟了阿富汗的第一波難民潮。這些難民被迫離開阿富汗前往邻国伊朗和巴基斯坦以及其他國家避難。1989年2月,苏联撤出阿富汗後,许多阿富汗难民開始返回家园。接踵而至的阿富汗内战、阿富汗戰爭、2021年塔利班攻勢爆發後,許多阿富汗難民再次逃離家園。
阿富汗是世界上最大的难民來源國之一。[1] 2000年有超过600万阿富汗难民居住在伊朗和巴基斯坦。[2]截至2021年,他们是继委内瑞拉难民和叙利亚难民之后的第三大難民群体。[3]一些國際安全援助部隊參與國制定了特别计划,允许数千名阿富汗人在北美或欧洲定居。[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]
2023年10月3日,巴基斯坦要求該國境內的阿富汗難民離開該國。截止11月21日,已有37.4万阿富汗人离开巴基斯坦。[16]此外還有12万多阿富汗难民离开伊朗。[17]
参考文献
- ^ More than seven million refugees displaced in 2012. BBC News. June 19, 2013 [2013-11-05]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-12).
- ^ USCR Country Report Afghanistan: Statistics on refugees and other uprooted people. ReliefWeb. June 19, 2001 [2021-08-01]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-01).
- ^ Figures at a Glance. UNHCR. June 18, 2021 [2021-07-29]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-27).
- ^ US Expands Eligibility for Afghan Refugee Resettlement. Voice of America. August 2, 2021 [2021-08-03]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-16).
- ^ US Announces New Refugee Program for Afghans. TOLOnews. August 2, 2021 [2021-08-02]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-16).
- ^ From Afghan interpreter to US homeless - the long road to the American dream. BBC News. July 30, 2021 [2021-07-31]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-30).
- ^ 'Welcome Home': First Group of Evacuated Afghan Interpreters Arrive in US. WMAQ-TV. July 30, 2021 [2021-07-30]. (原始内容存档于2021-07-30).
The interpreters and their family members are being resettled under a visa program for those who worked with U.S. troops and now face retaliation from the Taliban amid America's withdrawal
- ^ Afghan who aided U.S. arrive at Virginia base, but many others remain in peril. Los Angeles Times. July 30, 2021 [2021-07-30]. (原始内容存档于2021-09-17).
- ^ Joe Biden approves $300 million for Afghan refugees. Khaama Press. July 24, 2021 [2021-07-29]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-23).
- ^ House votes to expand and speed up visa process for Afghans who helped the U.S. during war. CNBC. July 22, 2021 [2021-07-29]. (原始内容存档于2021-09-23).
- ^ H.R.3985 - Averting Loss of Life and Injury by Expediting SIVs Act of 2021. U.S. Congress. [2021-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-17).
- ^ First Resettled Afghan Refugees and Families Arrive in Canada. U.S. News & World Report. August 5, 2021 [2021-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-09).
- ^ Let more Afghan interpreters resettle in UK, say ex-military chiefs. BBC. July 29, 2021 [2021-07-29]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-27).
- ^ Afghans who worked for France get a chance at asylum – and spark an exodus. France 24. June 30, 2021 [2021-07-31]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-15).
- ^ Stainburn 2013
- ^ 难民署对巴基斯坦驱逐令表示关切,阿富汗回返者处境堪忧. 联合国新闻. 2023-11-21 [2023-11-22]. (原始内容存档于2023-12-15) (中文).
- ^ 巴基斯坦和伊朗联合驱逐50多万阿富汗国民. 美国之音. 2023-11-21 [2023-11-22]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-22) (中文).