维基百科

Encyclopedia Dramatica

Encyclopedia Dramatica（或简称为ED）是一个以戏仿恶搞为主题的基于MediaWiki的网站，于2004年12月10日上线。网站的内容以模仿讽刺百科话题和热点事件为主，尤其是与现代网络文化相关的事件。网站推崇具有破坏性的“钓鱼文化”，并且记录网络迷因、文化和事件，如恶毒的恶作剧，网络霸凌、反对互联网自我审查以及互联网安全漏洞等。

Encyclopedia Dramatica
网站类型
Wiki、恶搞网站
语言英语
创始人Sherrod DeGrippo[1] 和 Andrew Auernheimer[2]
营业额广告和捐赠
网址encyclopediadramatica.online/Main_Page 编辑维基数据
商业性质是
注册可选（编辑需注册）
推出时间2004年12月10日在维基数据编辑
现状线上

2011年4月14日，网站的原网址被重定向到了一个叫做“Oh Internet”的网站，而这个网站和Encyclopedia Dramatica几乎没有相似之处，这一现象在Encyclopedia Dramatica的编辑者社群里引起了不小的轰动。当天晚上，“Oh Internet”的Facebook主页上到处都充斥着Encyclopedia Dramatica的浏览者的仇恨言论[3]，Web Ecology Project不得不为Encyclopedia Dramatica制作了一份可下载的网站备份[4][5]，在Encyclopedia Dramatica启用现在的域名前，有无数的粉丝为其制作了Torrent种子和镜像网站。

网站历史

起源

Encyclopedia Dramatica在2004年由网名为“Girlvinyl”的网友“Sherrod DeGrippo”建立，Sherrod DeGrippo于2000年找到了LiveJournal社区，并且很快就成为了社区内其他成员的楷模。[來源請求]对于建立Encyclopedia Dramatica的原因，她解释说：

她加入了LiveJournal上的一个八卦社区，在社区被LiveJournal封禁之后，社区内的成员建立了自己的网站。2002年，原LiveJournal的两名用户Joshua Williams和Andrewpants开始密切协作互助对方，但两人的关系很快以破裂告终，之后Williams的恶搞照片开始在网络上四处流传。而Williams则认为这是骚扰行为，为了向LiveJournal的运营团队报告这个行为，他来到俄勒冈州的波特兰市，把所谓的骚扰信息提供给了当地的一家电视台[6]。这一出闹剧当然也被ED记录在内，DeGrippo建立Encyclopedia Dramatica是为了收录“来自LiveJournal的信息和黑客西奥·德·若特和Darren Reed之间的故事”。

Oh Internet

随着时间的推移，DeGrippo称她开始逐渐厌恶起了Encyclopedia Dramatica，她希望网站能够回归讨论LiveJournal上的闹剧的初衷。2011年4月14日，网站被重定向到由DeGrippo建立的新站“Oh Internet”，这个新站的内容与原本的ED完全没有任何关系，“Oh Internet”这个名字想要表达的意思是“哦，互联网，你实在是太疯狂了”（Oh, Internet, you are so crazy!）。DeGrippo的这一举动引起了ED用户的不满，这些用户自发组织攻击了“Oh Internet”网站以及该站的Facebook粉丝专页。Oh Internet从2013年起正式下线。

评价

Jason Fortuny使用该百科公开了Craigslist上回复他广告的176人的照片，电子邮件和电话号码，广告里他假装自己是女性，想和有支配欲的男性约会。网站从此开始受主流媒体关注。 [7][8] 一个托管在连线的博客提到了此事，并将ED百科称为「世界上最垃圾的wiki」[9]

2006年，一个「知名的网络巨魔」[8]给ED百科的创始人DeGrippo发邮件，要求自己条目（已被全保护）的编辑权限。DeGrippo拒绝了，于是他们为DeGrippo叫了的士，外卖披萨，三陪服务（英语：Escort agency），还发送了死亡威胁，并威胁登门拜访他[8] 。

已隱藏部分未翻譯内容，歡迎參與翻譯。

Encyclopedia Dramatica became a "favourite target for critics, who accuse Anonymous of propagating hate,"[10] for allowing alleged members of the group to sometimes use the website as a platform. Through this association, Encyclopedia Dramatica received incidental coverage when actions by members of Anonymous led to the arrest of an alleged pedophile,[11] when they demonstrated against Scientology in London;[12][13] when a member of the group broke into the e-mail account of former Republican vice-presidential nominee Sarah Palin,[14] and when a member of Anonymous claimed credit for an attack on the virtual Second Life headquarters of former presidential candidate John Edwards.[15][16] The convergence of Encyclopedia Dramatica with the anti-Scientology campaign of Project Chanology was noted by technology journalist Julian Dibbell.[17]

The celebration and archival of the "raids" organized on /b/ on Encyclopedia Dramatica, which acted as a "troll hall of fame" when used this way,[18] has been seen by some scholars, among them Liam Mitchell of Trent University, as acting as a way to assuage the guilt that trolls feel for harming their victims and being confronted with evidence of this harm. By celebrating on Encyclopedia Dramatica, and archiving that which would make an individual member guilty, trolls collectively engage in a type of mob mentality where the idea that "none of us is as cruel as all of us" minimizes the actions they take individually: "One cannot reason with a multitude, let alone appeal to its conscience. If any of its members are not susceptible to reason or conscience—the province of the ego ideal, and therefore of the divide that characterizes subjectivity—then the trolling will proceed."[19]

2008年12月16日，ED百科在Mashable的第二届年度开放网络奖中赢得了评选最受欢迎的wiki的“人民选择奖”，其中 wikiHow 获得亚军，维基百科名列第三[20]。

2008年12月，ED百科公告寻求捐助，声称网站受到攻击，失去了一半的广告收入[21]。

2010年1月，ED百科的 Aboriginal 条目从Google澳大利亚的搜索结果中消失，因为一个律师以「种族主义」为由向澳大利亚人权委员会（英语：Australian Human Rights Commission）举报[22]。搜索相关关键字就会看到Google说由于收到澳大利亚种族歧视法(RDA)（英语：Racial Discrimination Act 1975）相关的法律要求，一个搜索结果已经被移除[23][24]。对此事的炒作反而给网站增加了声誉[25]。2010年3月，据报道，澳大利亚人权委员会通过电子邮件通知该网站，根据澳大利亚法律，这篇文章的Aboriginal条目可能违反了其RDA的第18C和18D节[26]。

法律诉讼

  • 2016年，一个英国法院判决在Encyclopedia Dramatica上发布诽谤信息的用户必须支付10000英镑的罚款。
  • 2017年，Encyclopedia Dramatica由于侵犯版权被提起诉讼，诉讼金额为75万美元。这个“威胁生命”的诉讼是百万富翁乔纳森·蒙萨拉特提起的。

参见

参考资料

  1. ^ About Encyclopedia Dramatica. Encyclopedia Dramatica. [2018-01-05]. （原始内容存档于2018-01-06） （美国英语）. Encyclopædia Dramatica was created December 8-10th 2004 while girlvinyl was impatiently awaiting the delivery of her new ibook （原文如此） 
  2. ^ New evidence links white supremacist 'Zoombomber' to man wanted in Australia. Jewish News Syndicate. 2020-06-08 [2021-08-18]. （原始内容存档于2022-04-07） （美国英语）. New evidence uncovered by the Canary Mission, an anti-Semitism watchdog site, has revealed that Auernhaimer has another pseudonym, “Joseph Evers,” who was listed as the owner and creator of a racist website and Wikipedia parody site called Encyclopedia Dramatica created in 2010. Since 2010, Evers has been wanted by Australia’s Human Rights Commission for violating the country’s Racial Discrimination Act in connection to his creation of the racist website. 
  3. ^ "Encyclopedia Dramatica Becomes OhInternet". 2011-04-15 [2019-04-09]. （原始内容存档于2011-04-17） （英语）. 
  4. ^ Archiving Internet Subculture: Encyclopedia Dramatica. 2011-04-15 [2019-04-09]. （原始内容存档于2011-10-20）. 
  5. ^ Epic Win for Anonymous: How 4chan's Army Conquered the Web. [2019-04-09]. （原始内容存档于2019-07-26） （英语）. 
  6. ^ Epic Win for Anonymous: How 4chan's Army Conquered the Web. [2019-04-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-16） （英语）. 
  7. ^ Chonin, Neva, Sex and the City, San Francisco Chronicle, 2006-09-17: 20 [2009-08-11], （原始内容存档于2012-09-18） .
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Schwartz, Mattathias. Malwebolence. The New York Times Magazine. 2008-08-03. （原始内容存档于2009-04-18）. 
  9. ^ Craigslist. Wired.com. 2006-09-08 [2010-01-12]. （原始内容存档于2010-01-11）. 
  10. ^ Davies, Shaun, Critics point finger at satirical website, 9-News, 2008-05-08 [2009-08-11], （原始内容存档于2011-06-05） 
  11. ^ Kim, Gus, Anonymous operation leads to arrest of alleged pedophile, Global Television Network News, 2007-07-12 [2011-05-14], （原始内容存档于2011-02-22） .
  12. ^ Whipple, Tom, Scientology: the Anonymous protestors, The Times (London), June 20, 2008 [May 14, 2011], （原始内容存档于June 15, 2011） .
  13. ^ Lee, Joe, Anonymous Protests Outside Scientology Sites, Londonist (londonist.com), 2008-02-11 [2008-08-25], （原始内容存档于2008-04-01） .
  14. ^ Singel, Ryan, Palin Hacker Group's All-Time Greatest Hits, Wired (blog.wired.com), September 19, 2008 [August 25, 2008], （原始内容存档于May 2, 2009） .
  15. ^ Cabron, Lou, John Edwards' Virtual Attackers Unmasked, AlterNet (alternet.org), March 8, 2007 [May 14, 2011], （原始内容存档于June 29, 2011） .
  16. ^ Cabron, Lou. John Edwards' Virtual Attackers Unmasked. 10 Zen Monkeys. March 5, 2007 [November 10, 2011]. （原始内容存档于November 20, 2011）. 
  17. ^ Dibbell, Julian, Sympathy for the Griefer: MOOrape, Lulz Cubes, and Other Lessons From the First 2 Decades of Online Sociopathy, GLS Conference 4.0, Madison, Wisconsin: Games, Learning and Society Group, July 11, 2008 [November 7, 2008], （原始内容存档于July 14, 2011） .
  18. ^ Stryker 2011，第¶12.28頁.
  19. ^ Mitchell, Liam, Kroker, Arthur; Kroker, Marilouise , 编, "Because none of us are as cruel as all of us": Anonymity and Subjectivation, CTheory（英语：CTheory） (eJournal), Theory Beyond the Codes (Pacific Centre for Technology and Culture), 24 April 2013,, Theory Beyond the Codes [2021-04-16], tbc051, （原始内容存档于2013-07-01） 
  20. ^ Cashmore, Pete, People's Choice Winners, Open Web Awards Winners, mashable.com, December 16, 2008 [August 11, 2009], （原始内容存档于August 26, 2009） 
  21. ^ Golson, Jordan. Briefly: Encyclopedia Dramatica threatens shutdown. The Industry Standard（英语：The Industry Standard）. 2008-11-08 [2011-05-14]. （原始内容存档于2009-05-19）. 
  22. ^ Google agrees to take down racist site, Sydney Morning Herald, January 15, 2010 [May 14, 2011], （原始内容存档于June 5, 2011） 
  23. ^ Riley, Duncan, Aus Media Gets Encyclopedia Dramatica Story Wrong, Only Some Search Links Removed, The Inquisitr, January 14, 2010 [January 15, 2010], （原始内容存档于January 19, 2010） .
  24. ^ Australian Anti Discrimination Act Complaint, 寒蝉效应, [2010-01-15], （原始内容存档于2010-01-18） 
  25. ^ Keep, Elmo. Google Australia censors search results. WTF?. Hungry Beast. ABC. January 18, 2011 [May 28, 2011]. （原始内容存档于June 26, 2012）. 
  26. ^ Dramatica owner could face charges. 9news. 16 March 2010 [2021-08-18]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-23）. 
    Paget, Henri, Dramatica owner could face charges, ninemsn, 1010-03-16, （原始内容存档于2010-03-22） 
检索自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Encyclopedia_Dramatica&oldid=85301385”