User:月都/Edit3816

「封鎖應具有阻嚇作用」的意思：封鎖時應該具有讓人害怕後果來阻止擾亂的效果和用途。

「如果害怕後果的話，他就不敢繼續擾亂維基百科。」我認為有點理想化，每個人的特質存在差異，有些人可能會接受，有些人可能會抗拒，非但做不到您想要的效果，反而導致衝突升級。

如果水晶球顯示擾亂風險較低的話，封鎖就沒有必要繼續下去，因為它是限制編輯的措施，窒礙編者於未來建設維基百科。

如果為了製造寒蟬效應而封鎖的話，對象就會變成防止其他破壞或擾亂維基百科的人。

如果為了追求編輯權限而來到維基百科的話，將編輯權限當作獎賞或懲罰，這套機制使他們變得功利，所以最好就發自內心熱愛這部百科全書、明白運作模式的深層次背景。

故此我認為嚇阻或威懾就如一則訊息，告訴他們改變的重要性和行為的不可接受性，因為封鎖本質僅可用於阻止維基百科受到破壞或擾亂。

翻譯英語維基百科封鎖方針的用途和目標章節。

Purpose and goals
用途和目的

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Blocks serve to protect the project from harm, and reduce likely future problems. Blocks may escalate in duration if problems recur. They are meted out not as retribution but to protect the project and other users from disruption and inappropriate conduct, and to deter any future possible repetitions of inappropriate conduct. Blocking is one of the most powerful tools that are entrusted to administrators, who should be familiar with the circumstances prior to intervening and are required to be able to justify any block that they issue.

封鎖用於保護維基百科免受損害，以及減少未來很可能出現的問題。如果問題再次出現，可能延長封鎖期限。這些措施不是給予相應的懲罰，而是保護維基百科和其他用户免受擾亂和不當行為的影響，以及 deter 任何未來可能重覆的不當行為。封鎖是委託給管理員的最強大工具之一，管理員應該在介入之前熟悉事件的情境，以及需要能夠證明他們發出任何封鎖的合理性。

In general, once a matter has become "cold" and the risk of present disruption has clearly ended, reopening it by blocking retrospectively is usually not appropriate. In this situation, if an ongoing or serious concern persists, several dispute resolution processes exist to allow discussion and possible sanction of a user.

一般來說，一旦事情變得冷淡以及當前的擾亂風險已經明顯結束，透過重新打開它來作出追溯式封鎖是通常不合適的。在這種情況下，如果持續存在一個正在進行或讓人嚴重擔憂的問題，則存在幾種爭議解決流程以允許討論並可能制裁一個用户。

Blocks can be appealed (see § Unblocking). Requests to be unblocked are also decided in light of prevention and deterrence. A user may be unblocked earlier if the user agrees to desist and appears to have learned from the matter, or if the situation was temporary and has now ended. Likewise, a user who has previously returned to inappropriate conduct after other unblocks may find their unblock request declined for deterrence reasons, to emphasize the importance of change and unacceptability of the conduct.

可以對封鎖提出申訴（參見 § 解除封鎖）。解除封鎖的請求取決於預防和 deterrence 的考量。如果用户同意停止並似乎從事件中學習，或者情況是暫時並現已結束，則可以提前解除對用戶的封鎖。同樣，先前在其他解封後又恢復不當行為的用戶可能會發現他們的解封請求因 deterrence 而被拒絕，以強調改變的重要性和行為的不可接受性。

Blocks should not be punitive

Blocks should not be used:

1. to retaliate;
2. to disparage;
3. to punish; or
4. if there is no current conduct issue of concern.

封鎖不應該是懲罰性

封鎖不應該用於：

1. 報復；
2. 貶低；
3. 懲罰; 或者
4. 如果當前沒有令人擔憂的行為問題。

Blocks should be preventative

Blocks should be used to:

1. prevent imminent or continuing damage and disruption to Wikipedia;
2. deter the continuation of present, disruptive behavior; and
3. encourage a more productive, congenial editing style within community norms.

Deterrence is based upon the likelihood of repetition. For example, though it might have been justifiable to block an editor a short time ago, such a block may no longer be justifiable right now, particularly if the actions have since ceased or the conduct issues have been resolved.

封鎖應該是預防性

封鎖應該用於：

1. 預防對維基百科造成迫在眉睫或持續的損害和擾亂；
2. deter 當前持續的擾亂性行為；
3. 鼓勵採用在社區規範內更有效率、更友善的編輯風格。

Deterrence 是基於重複的可能性。舉個例子，雖然不久前封鎖編輯者可能是合理的，但現在這樣的封鎖可能不再合理，特別是已停止行動或已解決行為問題。