XML-RPC
XML-RPC是一個远程过程调用(Remote Procedure Call,RPC)的分布式计算協議,通过XML将调用函数封装,並使用HTTP协议作為傳送機制。[1]
歷史
XML-RPC發表於1998年,由UserLand Software(UserLand Software)的Dave Winer及Microsoft共同發表[2]。後來在新的功能不斷被引入下,這個標準慢慢演變成為今日的SOAP協定。
XML-RPC協定是已登記的專利項目,由Phillip Merrick、Stewart Allen及Joseph Lapp共同持有,於1998年3月提出申請,指其將用於一個構想中的應用程式,並於2006年4月獲得接納。現時這個專利由位於美國維珍尼亞州費爾法克斯的webMethods使用[3]。
用法
XML-RPC透過向裝置了這個協定的伺服器發出HTTP請求。發出請求的用戶端一般都是需要向遠端系統要求呼叫的軟件。
数据类型
以下的例子為日常的数据类型在轉化為等同的XML後的面貌:
名稱 | 標記範例 | 描述 |
---|---|---|
array |
<array>
<data>
<value><i4>1404</i4></value>
<value><string>Something here</string></value>
<value><i4>1</i4></value>
</data>
</array>
|
|
base64 |
<base64>eW91IGNhbid0IHJlYWQgdGhpcyE=</base64>
|
|
boolean |
<boolean>1</boolean>
|
布尔型邏輯值 (0 或 1) |
date/time |
<dateTime.iso8601>19980717T14:08:55</dateTime.iso8601>
|
|
double |
<double>-12.53</double>
|
雙倍精確浮點數 |
integer |
<i4>42</i4>
or <int>42</int>
|
整數 |
string |
<string>Hello world!</string>
|
字符串,必須遵守XML encoding(XML encoding)的格式。 |
struct |
<struct>
<member>
<name>foo</name>
<value><i4>1</i4></value>
</member>
<member>
<name>bar</name>
<value><i4>2</i4></value>
</member>
</struct>
|
结构体 |
nil |
<nil/>
|
範例
以下為一個尋常的 XML-RPC 請求的範例:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<methodCall>
<methodName>examples.getStateName</methodName>
<params>
<param>
<value><i4>40</i4></value>
</param>
</params>
</methodCall>
相對於上述請求,以下為一個尋常回應的範例:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<methodResponse>
<params>
<param>
<value><string>South Dakota</string></value>
</param>
</params>
</methodResponse>
以下為一個尋常的 XML-RPC 錯誤:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<methodResponse>
<fault>
<value>
<struct>
<member>
<name>faultCode</name>
<value><int>4</int></value>
</member>
<member>
<name>faultString</name>
<value><string>Too many parameters.</string></value>
</member>
</struct>
</value>
</fault>
</methodResponse>
批評
实现
Python
- xmlrpclib
- Renamed xmlrpc.client (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) in Python 3.
- Creating XML-RPC Servers and Clients with Twisted (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
C++
- Libiqxmlrpc (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Ultra lightweight XML-RPC library for C++ (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- XML-RPC for C and C++ (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- XmlRpc++ (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- XmlRpc C++ client for Windows (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- gSOAP toolkit for C and C++ supporting XML-RPC and more (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- libmaia: XML-RPC for Qt/C++ (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
Objective-C / GNUstep / Cocoa
- XMLRPC Framework (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Cocoa XML-RPC Framework (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆): Open Source XML-RPC framework written for use in Mac OS X Cocoa applications.
Erlang
- XML-RPC for Erlang: This is an HTTP 1.1 compliant XML-RPC library for Erlang. It is designed to make it easy to write XML-RPC Erlang clients and/or servers. The library is compliant with the XML-RPC specification published by https://web.archive.org/web/20051210031514/http://www.xmlrpc.org/
Java
- Apache XML-RPC (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆): Open source library for Java
- XML-RPC Delight (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆): Convenient serialisation/deserialisation for Apache XML-RPC using Java Annotations and Beans
- [1]: Secure Apache XML-RPC
- Redstone XML-RPC Library (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆): Redstone's Open Source Library - XML-RPC implementation in Java
- XML-RPC Library for Java ME (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆): Open source client-side library for Java ME
XMPP
- pyJabberXMLRPC (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆): Python classes for XMPP
- Jabber-RPC (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆): Over the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol protocol
Other
- JSON/XML-RPC Client and Server (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆): Abstract away the differences between JSON-RPC and XML-RPC
- RemObjects SDK (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) Delphi and .NET package for XML-RPC, in addition to SOAP and others
- RealThinClient SDK (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆): For Delphi/C++
- XML::RPC (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆): Perl module implementation
- XML-RPC for ActionScript (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆): For Flash ActionScript 2.0
- as3-rpclib (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆): For Flex/Actionscript 3
- XML-RPC.NET: Open source library for .NET clients and servers
- XmlRpc-Light (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆): Client and server library for OCaml
- S-XML-RPC (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆): Client and server library for Common Lisp
- PHP-XML-RPC (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆): For PHP
- HaXR: Client and server library for Haskell
- xi library with PHP and Javascript XML-RPC: For PHP and Javascript
- Ruby XML-RPC library: For Ruby
- XML-RPC interface to Lua: For Lua
- android-xmlrpc (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆): A light XML-RPC client for Google Android
- XML-RPC for Tcl (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆): A Tcl implementation of XML-RPC providing client and server support
- [2] (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆): RebXR, a full client/server XML-RPC implementation for REBOL.
參看
參考資料
- ^ Simon St. Laurent, Joe Johnston, Edd Dumbill. Programming Web Services with XML-RPC. First Edition. O'Reilly. 2001-06.
- ^ Box, Don. A Brief History of SOAP. O'Reilly. 2001-04-01 [2008-10-09]. (原始内容存档于2008-09-15).
- ^ Merrick; et al. US Patent 7,028,312. 2006-04-11 [2008-09-18]. (原始内容存档于2011-12-03).