阿勒颇战役 (2024年)

2024年11月29日,2024年叙利亚反对派攻势开始的第三天,叙利亚反对派组织沙姆解放组织与其他受土耳其支持的军事组织一同攻进叙利亚阿拉伯政府陆军英语Syrian Army掌控的阿勒颇市[22][23][24]这是自2012年第一次反对派攻势以来阿勒颇首次爆发战斗,[25]当时最终是由阿萨德政权的政府军于2016年完全收复。[26][17][27]

2024年阿勒颇战役
叙利亚内战2024年叙利亚反对派攻势的一部分

阿勒颇市战况地图:
  由叙利亚反对派掌控
日期2024年11月29日 – 2024年12月1日
(2天)
地点
结果
  • 上千名民众逃离城市[11][12]
  • 库尔德族武装占领地遭反对派围攻[13]
领土变更
参战方

叙利亚救国政府

叙利亚反对派 叙利亚国民军

高加索战士队英语Ajnad al-Kavkaz[2]

移民与拥护者旅英语Liwa al-Muhajireen wal-Ansar[2]

 叙利亚

 俄罗斯[3][4]

 伊朗


叙利亚北部和东部自治政府[7] (自11月30日起)

伤亡与损失
至少12名成员阵亡[17] 叙利亚 至少12名士兵阵亡[12]
4辆T-55主力战车、6辆T-72主力战车与10辆T-90主力战车被掳获[18]
1件铠甲-S1防空导弹系统被掳获[19]
22名平民遭杀害[20][21]
叙利亚反对派坦克在阿勒颇近郊,2024年11月29日

2024年11月30日,随着政府军的崩溃,反对派势力已占领了该市大部分地区。[28][29]在快速占领阿勒颇市后,反对派势力继续向南推进,并于12月5日占领哈马全市。[30]

背景

2024年11月27日,由沙姆解放组织(HTS)领导的叙利亚反对派各势力对叙利亚西北部的亲政府军发动攻势。这是反对派继2020年3月伊德利卜停火协议之后再度在叙利亚西北部发动攻势。在本次攻势开始后,反对派已成功占领阿勒颇省伊德利布省约70个村镇。[31][32]

攻势

File:Photo of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham members outside of the citadel.jpg
沙姆解放组织成员在阿勒颇城堡外的照片

反对派势力于2024年11月29日来到阿勒颇市近郊,在经过两次自杀式汽车炸弹之后,反对派成功从西南方进入阿勒颇市,攻入哈姆达尼亚(Al-Hamdaniya / الحمدانية)、阿勒颇新城英语New Aleppo等城区。[26]反对派势力在当天下午占领了哈姆达尼亚、阿勒颇新城、三千公寓计划区(3000 Apartments / مشروع 3000 شقة)、贾米利亚(Al-Jamiliya / الجميلية)和萨拉丁(Salah al-Din / صلاح الدين)五个城区。[28]到了午夜,反对派继续攻入并占领了苏卡里亚(Al-Sukariyya / السكري)、福尔坎(Al-Furqan / الفرقان)、阿达米亚(Al-Adhamiya / الأعظمية)和赛义夫·道拉(Saif al-Dawla / سيف الدولة)城区的一部分,并宣称已掌控了阿勒颇市中心。[33][34][35]

在反对派势力入侵主城区数小时后,数千名平民通过主要的卡纳西尔阿特里耶(Khanasir Athriya)交流道逃离该市,其中大多数前往拉塔基亚塞莱米耶[36]

反对派势力随后发出疏散警告,呼吁阿勒颇居民“为了自身安全”向东避难。[37]叙利亚官方媒体报道称,反抗军发射的炮弹击中了阿勒颇大学的学生宿舍,造成四人死亡,其中包括两名学生。[38]

2024年11月30日凌晨,反对派势力占领了阿勒颇城堡与市政府总部,[33][39][40]阿勒颇到了早上以大多在反对派的掌控下,几乎没有遇到任何抵抗,迫使亲政府部队向塞菲拉方向撤退。[29]政府军和伊朗民兵仍然控制着阿勒颇东北部的一些城区。[41]俄罗斯军队放弃了该市周围至少三个军事基地。[5]

在亲政府部队撤离的同时,库尔德族叙利亚民主力量(SDF)占领了阿勒颇国际机场谢赫纳贾尔英语Shaykh Najjar城区。[7]反对派势力对库尔德族控制的谢赫马克苏德英语Sheikh Maqsood城区入侵失败,导致3名成员被俘。[42]30日晚上,反对派在没有发生冲突的情况下从SDF手上控制了阿勒颇机场。[43]据报道,由俄罗斯发动的一次空袭造成该市16名平民死亡,另有20人受伤。[21]另外两次对市郊反对派援军的空袭导致20名成员死亡。[44]叙利亚北部和东部自治政府(AANES)在当天报告称已协助2892名难民从阿勒颇进入叙利亚西北部。[45]

2024年12月1日,HTS占领了市郊的热电站、野战炮兵学院和军事学院,同时SDF与叙利亚国民军(SNA)在谢赫纳贾尔工业区交战,并关闭了连接阿勒颇北部乡村地区和阿勒颇市中心的道路。[16]当天稍晚,为了应对反对派势力在阿勒颇取得的迅速进展,AANES宣布进入总动员状态。[46]反对派则要求库尔德族武装带着武器离开阿勒颇并退到东北部。[47]俄罗斯空军也于当日对阿勒颇大学医院发动空袭,杀死12人并有2名记者受伤。[48]

2024年12月2日,反对派势力成功击败SDF、占据谢赫纳贾尔工业区,并向阿勒颇以南推进、占领汗西尔镇(Khansir)以切断政府军的补给要道。[49]。12月3日,有消息人士表示,伊朗支持的伊拉克民兵已进入叙利亚境内,帮助政府军抵抗占领阿勒颇的反对派[50]

反应

  •   叙利亚叙利亚阿拉伯政府陆军英语Syrian Army(SAAF)发誓要击退这次袭击,并指责反对派散布有关其进展的“虚假讯息”。[51]然而军队后来承认反对派在该市“大部分地区”取得了进展,并报告称“数十名”士兵被杀,迫使其重新部署“旨在加强防线,以吸收攻击”并“保护平民和士兵的生命”。据报道,政府还准备反击,而该市内的反对派集结处遭到空袭。[12]
  •   土耳其土耳其外交部长哈坎·菲丹重申土耳其并没有参与阿勒颇持续的冲突。他还表示,政府正在采取“必要措施”,以避免边境再次发生移民危机。[52]

参考文献

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