伊罗曼加龙属

伊罗曼加龙属; 化石时期：早侏罗世，103 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N ▼
	复原图
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	脊索动物门 Chordata
纲：	爬行纲 Reptilia
目：	†蛇颈龙目 Plesiosauria
科：	†薄板龙科 Elasmosauridae
属：	†伊罗曼加龙属 Eromangasaurus; Kear, 2005
模式种
	†澳洲伊罗曼加龙; Eromangasaurus australis; (Sachs, 2005)
异名
	嵴颌伊罗曼加龙 ; Eromangasaurus carinognathus ; Kear, 2005; 澳洲远古龙 ; Tuarangisaurus australis ; Sachs, 2005;

伊罗曼加龙（属名：Eromangasaurus）是薄板龙科已灭绝的一个属，来自澳大利亚昆士兰省北部。^[1]

描述

伊罗曼加龙是种大型薄板龙科，估计长7米（23英尺）、重1—2公吨（1.1—2.2短吨）。^[2]其仅所知于正模标本QM（英语：Queensland Museum） F11050，为接近完整但严重压碎的颅骨及下颌骨。标本收集于马斯韦尔顿（英语：Maxwelton, Queensland）伊罗曼加盆地（英语：Eromanga Basin）的图勒布克组（英语：Toolebuc Formation），该地层可追溯至大约1.03亿年前的早白垩世阿尔布阶。^[1]斯文·萨克斯提及了一些与正模标本来自相同地区的归入材料，包括QM F12216-19——一节前段颈椎——及QM F12217&2——关节连接的后段颈椎。^[3]

发现

克柔龙捕食伊罗曼加龙的复原图

伊罗曼加龙由本杰明·基尔（Benjamin P. Kear）于2005年（英语：2005 in paleontology）首次命名，模式种是澳洲伊罗曼加龙（Eromangasaurus australis）。基尔原将QM F11050命名为嵴颌伊罗曼加龙（Eromangasaurus carinognathus）。^[1]然而斯文·萨克斯（Sven Sachs）已于同年早些时候根据相同标本及归入材料命名了远古龙第二个种澳洲远古龙（Tuarangisaurus australis）。^[3]

此名名义上优先于嵴颌伊罗曼加龙，故后者应为前者的次异名。基尔对正模标本的后期研究指出该物种与远古龙模式种间存在足够多的差异以独立建属。故伊罗曼加龙是新组合澳洲伊罗曼加龙的唯一有效学名。^[4]此名现已被承认为QM F11050之正确名称。^[5]^[6]

属名取自发现正模的伊罗曼加盆地及希腊语saurus（蜥蜴），种名命名自澳大利亚。^[1]

参见

蛇颈龙列表
蛇颈龙类研究历史（英语：Timeline of plesiosaur research）

参考资料

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Benjamin P. Kear. A new elasmosaurid plesiosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2005, 25 (4): 792–805. S2CID 86297695. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2005)025[0792:ANEPFT]2.0.CO;2.
^ Foffa, Davide; Cuff, Andrew R.; Sassoon, Judyth; Rayfield, Emily J.; Mavrogordato, Mark N.; Benton, Michael J. Functional anatomy and feeding biomechanics of a giant Upper Jurassic pliosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from Weymouth Bay, Dorset, UK. Journal of Anatomy. 2014, 225: 209–219. PMC 4111928  . doi:10.1111/joa.12200.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Sven Sachs. Tuarangisaurus australis sp. nov. (Plesiosauria: Elasmosauridae) from the Lower Cretaceous of northeastern Queensland, with additional notes on the phylogeny of the Elasmosauridae (PDF). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 2005, 50: 425–440. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-09-28）.
^ Benjamin P. Kear. Taxonomic clarification of the Australian elasmosaurid genus Eromangasaurus, with reference to other austral elasmosaur taxa. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2007, 27 (1): 241–246. S2CID 86673814. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[241:TCOTAE]2.0.CO;2.
^ Peggy Vincent; Nathalie Bardet; Xabier Pereda Suberbiola; Baâdi Bouya; Mbarek Amaghzaz; Saïd Meslouh. Zarafasaura oceanis, a new elasmosaurid (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Maastrichtian Phosphates of Morocco and the palaeobiogeography of latest Cretaceous plesiosaurs. Gondwana Research. 2011, 19 (4): 1062–1073. Bibcode:2011GondR..19.1062V. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2010.10.005.
^ Hilary F. Ketchum; Roger B. J. Benson. A new pliosaurid (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the Oxford Clay Formation (Middle Jurassic, Callovian) of England: evidence for a gracile, longirostrine grade of Early-Middle Jurassic pliosaurids. Special Papers in Palaeontology. 2011, 86: 109–129.

[Eromangasaurus-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Benjamin P. Kear. A new elasmosaurid plesiosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2005, 25 (4): 792–805. S2CID 86297695. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2005)025[0792:ANEPFT]2.0.CO;2.

[2] Foffa, Davide; Cuff, Andrew R.; Sassoon, Judyth; Rayfield, Emily J.; Mavrogordato, Mark N.; Benton, Michael J. Functional anatomy and feeding biomechanics of a giant Upper Jurassic pliosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from Weymouth Bay, Dorset, UK. Journal of Anatomy. 2014, 225: 209–219. PMC 4111928  . doi:10.1111/joa.12200.

[Sachs-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Sven Sachs. Tuarangisaurus australis sp. nov. (Plesiosauria: Elasmosauridae) from the Lower Cretaceous of northeastern Queensland, with additional notes on the phylogeny of the Elasmosauridae (PDF). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 2005, 50: 425–440. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-09-28）.

[Eromangasaurus07-4] Benjamin P. Kear. Taxonomic clarification of the Australian elasmosaurid genus Eromangasaurus, with reference to other austral elasmosaur taxa. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2007, 27 (1): 241–246. S2CID 86673814. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[241:TCOTAE]2.0.CO;2.

[Zarafasaura-5] Peggy Vincent; Nathalie Bardet; Xabier Pereda Suberbiola; Baâdi Bouya; Mbarek Amaghzaz; Saïd Meslouh. Zarafasaura oceanis, a new elasmosaurid (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Maastrichtian Phosphates of Morocco and the palaeobiogeography of latest Cretaceous plesiosaurs. Gondwana Research. 2011, 19 (4): 1062–1073. Bibcode:2011GondR..19.1062V. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2010.10.005.

[Marmornectes-6] Hilary F. Ketchum; Roger B. J. Benson. A new pliosaurid (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the Oxford Clay Formation (Middle Jurassic, Callovian) of England: evidence for a gracile, longirostrine grade of Early-Middle Jurassic pliosaurids. Special Papers in Palaeontology. 2011, 86: 109–129.

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