木层孔菌属

锈革孔菌科的一属真菌

木层孔菌属学名Phellinus,意为“软木”[1])是锈革孔菌科的一个,许多物种为导致树木白腐病植物病原真菌,也有些物种可产生天然酚类苯乙烯基吡喃酮英语Hispidin[2]。本属物种的子实体不具有扣子体,颜色为棕色,骨骼菌丝呈黄棕色,菌髓质地坚韧,似木头或软木[3],其中椭圆嗜蓝孢孔菌(过去属于嗜蓝孢孔菌属)可产生世界上最大的真菌子实体[4][5]

木层孔菌属
苹果木层孔菌英语Phellinus pomaceus
科学分类 编辑
界: 真菌界 Fungi
门: 担子菌门 Basidiomycota
纲: 伞菌纲 Agaricomycetes
目: 刺革菌目 Hymenochaetales
科: 刺革菌科 Hymenochaetaceae
属: 木层孔菌属 Phellinus
Quelet (1886)
模式种
火木针层孔菌英语Phellinus igniarius
Phellinus igniarius
(L.) Quelet (1886)

利用

澳洲原住民将木层孔菌属物种用于传统医学中,认为燃烧木层孔菌产生的烟雾吸入后可治疗喉咙痛,稍微烧黑的子实体碎屑与开水一起服用则可治疗咳嗽、喉咙痛、发烧与腹泻等,不过他们使用的具体物种仍未被确认[6]

物种

截至2015年1月,Index Fungorum记录了本属共154种物种[7][8]

参考资料

  1. ^ Halpern GM. Phellinus linteus. Healing Mushrooms. 2007: 95. ISBN 978-0-7570-0196-3. 
  2. ^ Lee I-K, Yun B-S. Highly oxygenated and unsaturated metabolites providing a diversity of hispidin class antioxidants in the medicinal mushrooms Inonotus and Phellinus. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry. 2007, 15 (10): 3309–14. PMID 17387019. doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2007.03.039. 
  3. ^ Ellis MB, Ellis JB. Phellinus. Fungi Without Gills (Hymenomycetes and Gasteromycetes): An Identification Handbook. London, UK: Chapman and Hall. 1990: 145–50. ISBN 978-0-412-36970-4. 
  4. ^ Dai Y-C, Cui B-K. Fomitiporia ellipsoid has the largest fruiting body among the fungi. Fungal Biology. 2011, 115 (9): 813–4. PMID 21872178. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2011.06.008. 
  5. ^ Cui B-K, Decock C. Phellinus castanopsidis sp. nov. (Hymenochaetaceae) from southern China, with preliminary phylogeny based on rDNA sequences. Mycological Progress. 2012, 12 (2): 341–51. doi:10.1007/s11557-012-0839-5. 
  6. ^ Kalotas A. Aboriginal knowledge and use of fungi. Introduction—Fungi in the Environment. Fungi of Australia 1B. Melbourne: CSIRO. 1996: 269–95 [2019-01-03]. ISBN 978-0-643-05936-8. (原始内容存档于2018-11-18). 
  7. ^ Kirk PM. Species Fungorum (version 22nd December 2014). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. [2015-01-10]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-15). 
  8. ^ 译名参考:中国生物多样性红色名录—大型真菌卷 (PDF). 中国科学院 生态环境部: 235-237. 2018-05 [2019-03-09]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-09-12). 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 Marisa de Campos-Santana, Mario Amalfi, Gabriel Castillo & Cony Decock (2016) Multilocus, DNA-based phylogenetic analyses reveal three new species lineages in the Phellinus gabonensis–P. caribaeo-quercicola species complex, including P. amazonicus sp. nov., Mycologia, 108:5, 939-953, DOI: 10.3852/15-173