耳螺科

耳螺目的一科软体动物

耳螺科(学名:Ellobiidae),亦作耳蜗牛科[3],是腹足纲耳螺总科(学名:Ellobioidea)之下的一个科[4]。耳螺科物种体型细小,皆可呼吸空气。旧属原始有肺目基眼目松螺总科[5][6],之后耳螺科改属耳螺总科[7]:6。2005年《布歇特和洛克罗伊的腹足类分类》,整个耳螺总科仍被归到基眼类非正式群组[4]。在2017年《布歇特等人的腹足类分类》,耳螺科联同另外两个科共同组成耳螺目[8]

耳螺科
A live but retracted individual of Laemodonta siamensis on a human hand. A partially torn epiphragm of dried mucus is visible in the aperture of the shell
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 软体动物门 Mollusca
纲: 腹足纲 Gastropoda
目: 耳螺目 Ellobiida
总科: 耳螺总科 Ellobioidea
Pfeiffer, 1854
科: 耳螺科 Ellobiidae
Pfeiffer, 1854
多样性[1]
约有250个有效物种
异名[2]

Melampidae Stimpson, 1851

Drawing of shells of Ellobium pyramidale.

型态描述

本科物种螺壳的一大特征,除了其耳状的螺壳外,还有其锯齿状的壳口[9]

分布及栖息地

本科物种遍布全世界,但仍主要集中于印度洋-西太平洋海域[9]。部分物种嗜盐,常栖息在河口半淡咸水域[10]红树林的高潮区、盐沼地等范围[9]。尽管本科物种可呼吸空气,而事实上在热带亦有部分物种可完全营陆生,但其余物种仍不时要返回海水里[9],所以WoRMS指本科物种的栖息环境同时包括海洋、咸淡水交界及陆生[2]

系统分类

截至2018年8月28日 (2018-08-28)WoRMS纪录本科包括以下各个亚科与属[2]

罂粟蜗牛亚科 Carychiinae Jeffreys, 1830,果瓣螺亚科
耳螺亚科 Ellobiinae L. Pfeiffer, 1854 (1822)
  • Auriculinella Tausch, 1886,异名: Leuconia Gray, 1840和Leucopepla Peile, 1926
  • Blauneria Shuttleworth, 1854
  • 耳螺属 Ellobium Röding, 1798,异名:AuriculaLamarck, 1799, AuriculinaKobelt, 1898, Auriculodes Strand, 1928,Auriculus Montfort, 1810, Autonoe Guppy, 1868,Autonoella Wenz, 1947, Geovula Swainson, 1840
  • Leucophytia Winckworth, 1949
  • Stolidomopsis Sandberger, 1875
尖耳螺亚科 Melampinae Stimpson, 1851 (1850)
  • Detracia Gray, 1840
  • 尖耳螺属 Melampus Montfort, 1810:嗜盐。,异名Conovulus Lamarck, 1816, Pira H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855,Tifata H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855
  • Tralia Gray, 1840
趾蜗牛亚科 Pedipedinae
扁耳螺亚科 Pythiinae Odhner, 1925
异名:
 » Genus Alexia Leach in Gray, 1847 accepted as Myosotella Monterosato, 1906 (Invalid: junior homonym of Alexia Stephens, 1833 [Coleoptera]; Nealexia is a replacement name)
 » Genus Jaminia T. Brown, 1827 accepted as Myosotella Monterosato, 1906
 » Genus Kochia Pallary, 1900 accepted as Myosotella Monterosato, 1906 (Invalid: junior homonym of Kochia Frech, 1891 [Bivalvia])
 » Genus Laimodonta H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855 accepted as Laemodonta Philippi, 1846
 » Genus Melosidula B.J. Smith & Kershaw, 1979 accepted as Cassidula (Cassidula) Férussac, 1821 represented as Cassidula Férussac, 1821
 » Genus Monica H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855 accepted as Ovatella Bivona-Bernardi, 1832
 » Genus Nealexia Wenz, 1920 accepted as Myosotella Monterosato, 1906
 » Genus Phytia accepted as Pythia Röding, 1798 (Incorrect subsequent spelling)
 » Genus Plecotrema H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854 accepted as Laemodonta (Laemodonta) Philippi, 1846 represented as Laemodonta Philippi, 1846
 » Genus Scarabus Montfort, 1810 accepted as Pythia Röding, 1798

subfamily ?

异名:
  • Alexia Leach in Gray, 1847: synonym of Myosotella Monterosato, 1906
  • Auricula Lamarck, 1799: synonym of Ellobium Röding, 1798
  • Cremnobates Swainson, 1855: synonym of Marinula King & Broderip, 1832
  • Jaminia T. Brown, 1827: synonym of Myosotella Monterosato, 1906
  • Kochia Pallary, 1900: synonym of Myosotella Monterosato, 1906
  • Laimodonta H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855: synonym of Laemodonta Philippi, 1846
  • Leuconia Gray, 1840: synonym of Auriculinella Tausch, 1886
  • Leucopepla Peile, 1926: synonym of Auriculinella Tausch, 1886
  • Leucophytia Winckworth, 1949: synonym of Auriculinella Tausch, 1886
  • Monica H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855: synonym of Ovatella Bivona-Bernardi, 1832
  • Nealexia Wenz, 1920: synonym of Myosotella Monterosato, 1906
  • Phytia: synonym of Pythia Röding, 1798
  • Pira H. & A. Adams, 1855: synonym of Melampus Montfort, 1810
  • Plecotrema H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854: synonym of Laemodonta Philippi, 1846
  • Rangitotoa Powell, 1933: synonym of Microtralia Dall, 1894
Taxonomic note

Genus Sarnia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855 (temporary name, Sarnia [H. & A. Adams, 1855 (September), The Genera of Recent Mollusca, 2: 239] is an incorrect subsequent spelling of Siona H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855 which is a junior homonym of Siona Duponchel, 1829 [Lepidoptera].)

参考文献

This article incorporates CC-BY-2.0 text from the reference[1]

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Weigand A. M., Jochum A., Slapnik R., Schnitzler J., Zarza E. & Klussmann-Kolb A. (2013). "Evolution of microgastropods (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae): integrating taxonomic, phylogenetic and evolutionary hypotheses". BMC Evolutionary Biology 13: 18. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-18.
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Bouchet P. Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O , 编. Ellobiidae L. Pfeiffer, 1854 (1822). MolluscaBase. 2013-08-07 [2017-06-20] –通过WoRMS. 
  3. ^ 贝类订名组. 台灣貝類中文名稱訂名(Establishment of Chinese Name of Shells). 贝类学报 (Bulletin of Malacology) (中华民国贝类学会 (The Malacological Society of Taiwan)). 1982, 9: 87–88. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Frýda, J.; Hausdorf, B.; Ponder, W.; Valdés, Á. & Warén, A. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia (Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks). 2005, 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. OCLC 61351079. OL 42989175M. S2CID 83847814. 
  5. ^ 国际贝库:双鸟来螺. 台湾贝类资料库. [2018-05-02]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-04) (中文(繁体)). 
  6. ^ Dayrat, B.; Conrad, M.; Balayan, S.; White, T. R.; Albrecht, C.; Golding, R.; Gomes, S.; Harasewych, M. G.; de Frias, Martins A. M. Phylogenetic relationships and evolution of pulmonate gastropods (Mollusca): new insights from increased taxon sampling. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2011, 59: 425–437. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.02.014 (英语). 
  7. ^ 张宽敏; 石忠荣; 蓝子樵; 赖景阳. 张宽敏 , 编. 台灣產陸棲貝類目錄 9. 中华民国贝类学会. 1984: 2–19 [2018-08-28] (中文(繁体)).  |journal=被忽略 (帮助)
  8. ^ Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Hausdorf, B.; Kaim, A.; Kano, Y.; Nützel, A.; Parkhaev, P.; Schrödl, M.; Strong, E.E. Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod and Monoplacophoran Families. Malacologia. 2017, 61 (1–2): 1–526. OCLC 7296100651. S2CID 91051256. doi:10.4002/040.061.0201. 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Beechey, Des. Family Ellobiidae: Air-breathing snails. The Seashells of New South Wales Release 25. 2018-06-10 [2018-08-28]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-19) (英语). 
  10. ^ 国际贝库:小鼬耳螺. 台湾贝类资料库. [2009-08-11]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-04) (中文(繁体)). 
  11. ^ 张宽敏; 石忠荣; 蓝子樵; 赖景阳. 张宽敏 , 编. 台灣產陸棲貝類目錄 9. 中华民国贝类学会. 1984: 2–19 [2018-08-28] (中文(繁体)).  |journal=被忽略 (帮助)
  12. ^ 12.0 12.1 林朝棨. 蘭嶼之貝類及其動物地理. 中国贝志 (中华民国贝类学会). 1974, 1: 42–63 [2018-10-10] (中文(繁体)). 
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