脂鲤科

脂鲤目的一科鱼类

脂鲤科(学名:Characidae,又译作拟鲤科鲑鲤科加拉辛科加辛拉科),为辐鳍鱼纲脂鲤目中最大的一。是主要为原产于美洲及非洲热带亚热带淡水鱼[2]

脂鲤科
化石时期:中新世晚期 – 现代[1]
一条巴氏丝尾脂鲤Nematobrycon palmeri)和三条霓虹脂鲤Paracheirodon innesi
布氏半线脂鲤Hemigrammus bleheri)
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 辐鳍鱼纲 Actinopteri
目: 脂鲤目 Characiformes
科: 脂鲤科 Characidae
Latreille, 1825

见内文

分类

脂鲤科下分156个属,如下:[3]

盗鲑鲤亚科(Agoniatinae)

盗鲑鲤属Agoniates

细脂鲤亚科 Aphyocharacinae

细脂鲤属Aphyocharax

青脂鲤属Inpaichthys

细腺脂鲤属Leptagoniates

副角脂鲤属Paragoniates

短腺脂鲤属Phenagoniates

锯脂鳊属Prionobrama

厚头脂鲤属Rachoviscus

奇石脂鲤属Xenagoniates

纹吸鱼亚科 Aphyoditeinae

吸溪脂鲤属Aphyocharacidium

纹吸鱼属Aphyodite

阿克塞脂鲤属Axelrodia

细石脂鲤属Leptobrycon

小体石脂鲤属Microschemobrycon

锐啮脂鲤属Oxybrycon

佩力克脂鲤属Parecbasis

泰托啮脂鲤属Tyttobrycon

石脂鲤亚科 Bryconinae

石脂鲤属Brycon

唇啮脂鲤属Chilobrycon

唇脂鲤属Henochilus

桂脂鲤亚科 Characinae

刺脂鲤属Acanthocharax

粘鲈属Acestrocephalus

侧牙啮鱼属Bryconexodon

桂脂鲤属Charax

犬齿河脂鲤属Cynopotamus

鹿齿鱼属Exodon

盔脂鲤属Galeocharax

平腹脂鲤属Phenacogaster

锯齿脂鲤属Priocharax

锈牙脂鲤属Roeboexodon

突颌脂鲤属Roeboides

宝莲灯鱼亚科 Cheirodontinae

葡齿鱼属Acinocheirodon

亚马逊棘脂鲤属Amazonspinther

吸宝莲鱼属Aphyocheirodon

宝莲灯鱼属Cheirodon

宝莲鱼属Cheirodontops

金啮脂鲤属Chrysobrycon

吹砂脂鲤属Compsura

Ctenocheirodon

异唇齿鱼属Heterocheirodon

似宝莲鱼属Kolpotocheirodon

傲脂鲤属Macropsobrycon

矮宝莲鱼属Nanocheirodon

光牙宝莲鱼属Odontostilbe

前齿脂鲤属Prodontocharax

拟翼脂鲤属Pseudocheirodon

盾皮脂鲤属Saccoderma

锯翼脂鲤属Serrapinnus

焰脂鲤属Spintherobolus

拟鳀脂鲤亚科 Clupeacharacinae

拟鳀脂鲤属Clupeacharax

裸脂鲤亚科 Gymnocharacinae

匕啮鱼属Coptobrycon

  • 双线匕啮鱼 Coptobrycon bilineatus (Ellis, 1911),基异名:Hasemania bilineata Ellis, 1911

胖脂鲤属Grundulus

裸脂鲤属Gymnocharacinus

丝尾脂鲤属Nematobrycon

蜥形脂鲤亚科 Iguanodectinae

蜥形脂鲤属Iguanodectes

慈脂鲤属Piabucus

玫瑰脂鲤亚科 Rhoadsiinae

头脂鲤属Carlana

  • 艾氏头脂鲤 Carlana eigenmanni (Meek, 1912),基异名:Cheirodon eigenmanni Meek, 1912

线纹脂鲤属Nematocharax

副线脂鲤属Parastremma

玫瑰脂鲤属Rhoadsia

小脂鲤亚科(Salmininae)

小脂鲤属Salminus

锯胸脂鲤亚科(Stethaprioninae)

短蜴脂鲤属Brachychalcinus

裸顶脂鲤属Gymnocorymbus

直棘脂鲤属Orthospinus

银鞍脂鲤属Poptella

锯胸脂鲤属Stethaprion

列牙脂鲤属Stichonodon

Stevardiinae亚科

磨牙脂鲤属Acrobrycon

白肋脂鲤属Argopleura

奇脂鲤属Attonitus

奥利脂鲤属Aulixidens

贝基脂鲤属Boehlkea

啮齿脂鲤属Bryconacidnus

啮牙脂鲤属Bryconadenos

啮脂鲤属Bryconamericus

啮鱼属Caiapobrycon

角鳃脂鲤属Ceratobranchia

剑尾脂鲤属Corynopoma

钩齿脂鲤属Creagrutus

蓝脂鲤属Cyanocharax

全脂鲤属Diapoma

裙鱼属Gephyrocharax

腺尾脂鲤属Glandulocauda

半啮脂鲤属Hemibrycon

下啮脂鲤属Hypobrycon

宫脂鲤属Hysteronotus

早熟啮脂鲤属Iotabrycon

诺德脂鲤属Knodus

兰脂鲤属Landonia

Lepidocharax

冠石脂鲤属Lophiobrycon

小颏脂鲤属Microgenys

长臀脂鲤属Mimagoniates

单宝莲鱼属Monotocheirodon

侏脂鲤属Nantis

单牙脂鲤属Odontostoechus

帆鳍脂鲤属Othonocheirodus

盗脂鲤属Phenacobrycon

慈须鱼属Piabarchus

双慈鱼属Piabina

游脂鲤属Planaltina

嵴腹脂鲤属Pseudocorynopoma

啮翅脂鲤属Pterobrycon

褶脂鲤属Ptychocharax

大吻石脂鲤属Rhinobrycon

瘦吻脂鲤属Rhinopetitia

短矮脂鲤属Scopaeocharax

轮唇脂鲤属Trochilocharax

泰托脂鲤属Tyttocharax

奇腺尾脂鲤属Xenurobrycon

大眼脂鲤亚科(Tetragonopterinae)

大眼脂鲤属Tetragonopterus

异脂鲤亚科(Heterocharacinae)

颌脂鲤属Gnathocharax

异脂鲤属Heterocharax

武脂鲤属Hoplocharax

矛脂鲤属Lonchogenys

地位未定(incertae sedis)

拟丽脂鲤属Astyanacinus

丽脂鲤属Astyanax

怪脂鲤属Atopomesus

巴里奥脂鲤属Bario

布拉姆脂鲤属Bramocharax

布列塔尼鱼属Brittanichthys

小啮脂鲤属Bryconella

瑙脂鲤属Bryconops

大鳞脂鲤属Chalceus

栉啮鱼属Ctenobrycon

咬啮鱼属Dectobrycon

副齿脂鲤属Deuterodon

似鳀鲱脂鲤属Engraulisoma

丽颊脂鲤属Genycharax

Erythrocharax

裸身脂鲤属Gymnotichthys

光尾裙鱼属Hasemania

半线脂鲤属Hemigrammus

南美荷兰鱼属Hollandichthys

魮脂鲤属Hyphessobrycon

琼脂鲤属Jupiaba

食蚊脂鲤属Lignobrycon

马基脂鲤属Markiana

墨西石脂鲤属Mixobrycon

直线脂鲤属Moenkhausia

黏眼鱼属Myxiops

寡石脂鲤属Oligobrycon

寡脂鲤属Oligosarcus

霓虹脂鲤属Paracheirodon

副细锯脂鲤属Parapristella

珀蒂鱼属Petitella

茎啮脂鲤属Phallobrycon

细锯脂鲤属Pristella

奇口脂鲤属Probolodus

饰纹脂鲤属Psellogrammus

拟蜥脂鲤属Pseudochalceus

舒尔茨脂鲤属Schultzites

裂脂鲤属Scissor

锯石脂鲤属Serrabrycon

冥脂鲤属Stygichthys

企鹅鱼属Thayeria

𬶭脂鲤属Thrissobrycon

石斧脂鲤属Triportheus

啮齿鱼属Tucanoichthys

亚科未定

Cyanogaster

原宝莲灯鱼属Protocheirodon

Phycocharax

参考资料

  1. ^ FishBase (2011)
  2. ^ Berra, Tim M英语Tim Berra (biologist). Freshwater Fish Distribution. University of Chicago Press. 2008. ISBN 978-0-226-04443-9. 
  3. ^ Characidae. GBIF. [2023-05-30]. (原始内容存档于2022-10-27). 
  4. ^ Vitor Pimenta Abrahão, Murilo Pastana and Manoela Marinho. 2019. On A Remarkable Sexual Dimorphic Trait in the Characiformes related to the Olfactory Organ and Description of A New Miniature Species of Tyttobrycon Géry (Characiformes: Characidae). PLoS ONE. 14(12): e0226130. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226130
  5. ^ Erick Cristofore Guimarães, Pâmella Silva De Brito, Beldo Rywllon Abreu Ferreira and Felipe Polivanov Ottoni. 2018. A New Species of Charax (Ostariophysi, Characiformes, Characidae) from northeastern Brazil. Zoosystematics and Evolution. 94(1): 83-93. DOI: 10.3897/zse.94.22106
  6. ^ Malabarba, L.R.; Weitzman, S.H. (1999). A new genus and species of South American fishes (Teleostei: Characidae: Cheirodontinae) with a derived caudal fin, including comments about inseminating cheirodontines. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 112: 410-431.
  7. ^ Cristina M. Bührnheim, Tiago P. Carvalho, Luiz R. Malabarba and Stanley H. Weitzman. 2008. A New Genus and Species of Characid Fish from the Amazon Basin - the Recognition of A Relictual Lineage of Characid Fishes (Ostariophysi: Cheirodontinae: Cheirodontini). Neotrop. ichthyol. 6(4); DOI: 10.1590/S1679-62252008000400016
  8. ^ Pearson, N. E. (1924). The fishes of the eastern slope of the Andes. I. The fishes of the Rio Beni basin, Bolivia, collected by the Mulford expedition. Indiana University Studies. v. 11 (no. 64): 1-83, Pls. 1-12.
  9. ^ Bragança, P.H.N.d., Barbosa, M.A. & Mattos, J.L. 2013. A New Nematocharax Species from the middle Contas River basin, Northeastern Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae). Vertebrate Zoology. 63 (1): 3-8.
  10. ^ Weitzman, S. H.; Menezes, N. A.; Britski, H. A. (1986). Nematocharax venustus, a new genus and species of fish from the Rio Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 99 (2): 335-346.
  11. ^ James R. Garcia-Ayala, Willian M. Ohara, Murilo N. L. Pastana and Ricardo C. Benine. 2017. A New Species of Brachychalcinus (Characiformes: Characidae) from the rio Xingu basin, Serra do Cachimbo, Brazil. Zootaxa. 4362(4); 564–574. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4362.4.5
  12. ^ Tiago P. Carvalho, Andréa Tonolli Thomaz, Alexander Urbano-Bonilla and Saúl Prada-Pedreros. 2024. A New characid Species with remarkable sexual dimorphism (Characiformes: Characidae: Stevardiinae) from the upper Guayabero River, Orinoco basin, Colombia. Journal of Fish Biology. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15738
  13. ^ Luiz R. Malabarba, Junior Chuctaya, Alice Hirschmann, Eduardo Bitencourt de Oliveira and Andréa T. Thomaz. 2020. Hidden or unnoticed? Multiple Lines of Evidence Support the Recognition of A New Species of Pseudocorynopoma (Characidae: Corynopomini). Journal of Fish Biology. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14572
  14. ^ Silva, Gabriel S. C., Bruno F. Melo, Claudio Oliveira and Ricardo C. Benine. 2016. Revision of the South American Genus Tetragonopterus Cuvier, 1816 (Teleostei: Characidae) with Description of Four New Species. Zootaxa. 4200(1); 1–46. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4200.1.1
  15. ^ Eigenmann, C. H. (1912). Some results from an ichthyological reconnaissance of Colombia, South America. Part I. (Contrib. Zool. Lab. Ind. Univ. No. 127.). Indiana University Studies. No. 16 [sic No. 8]: 1-27.
  16. ^ Netto-Ferreira, A.L., Birindelli, J.L.O., de Sousa, L.M., Mariguela, T.C. & Oliveira, C. 2013. A New Miniature Characid (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae), with Phylogenetic Position Inferred from Morphological and Molecular Data. PLoS ONE
  17. ^ Cristhian C. Conde-Saldaña, Juan G. Albornoz-Garzón, Jorge E. García-Melo, Francisco A. Villa-Navarro, J. Marcos Mirande and Flávio C. T. Lima. 2019. A New Pristella (Characiformes: Characidae) from the Río Orinoco Basin, Colombia, with A Redefinition of the Genus. Copeia. 107(3); 439-446. DOI: 10.1643/CI-18-147
  18. ^ George M. T. Mattox and Kevin W. Conway. 2021. Osteology of Tucanoichthys tucano Géry and Römer, An Enigmatic Miniature Fish from the Amazon Basin, Brazil (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae). Vertebrate Zoology. 71: 645-667. DOI: 10.3897/vz.71.e71886
  19. ^ Mattox, G.M.T., Britz, R., Toledo-Piza, M. & Marinho, M.M.F. 2013. Cyanogaster noctivaga, a remarkable new genus and species of miniature fish from the Rio Negro, Amazon basin (Ostariophysi: Characidae). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters. 23(4), 297-318.
  20. ^ Richard P. Vari, Bruno F. Melo and Claudio Oliveira. 2016. Protocheirodon, A New Genus of Characidae (Teleostei: Characiformes) with the Redescription of the Poorly Known Protocheirodon pi. Neotrop. ichthyol. 14(2); DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20150154
  21. ^ Willian Massaharu Ohara, Juan Marcos Mirande and Flávio Cesar Thadeo de Lima. 2017. Phycocharax rasbora, A New Genus and Species of Brazilian Tetra (Characiformes: Characidae) from Serra do Cachimbo, rio Tapajós Basin. PLoS Biology. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170648