信仰治疗
信仰治疗（英语：Faith healing），是指对生理或心灵上的疾病，透过祈祷或灵修的方式而藉著上帝或神灵的力量进行医治及治疗。所有的科学界人士和哲学界人士均认为，信仰治疗属于伪科学[1][2][3][4][5]。有少量医护界机构认为，信仰治疗对病人有一定程度的帮助[6]，但可用宗教心理学的安慰剂解释。
透过祈祷或神灵干预治病，在古代历史上是非常普遍的做法。[7] 不少宗教声称可以透过其信仰治疗眼盲、失聪、癌症、爱滋病、发展障碍、贫血、 关节炎 、 言语障碍、 多发性硬化症、 皮疹、全身麻痹、身体受伤等疾病[8]。信徒相信，人们可以藉著祈祷，或参拜神社，或靠一个强烈的信念而治疗这些疾病。[8]
宗教证据及批判
一些意见认为，宗教治疗的疗效，能间接提供有上帝或超自然力量的证明。一些意见则认为，宗教治疗，在排除假记忆、错误记忆及造假可能后，可能只是安慰剂效应及大脑作崇。[9][10]
参考
- ^ Mahner, Martin. Pigliucci, Massimo; Boudry, Maarten , 编. Philosophy of pseudoscience reconsidering the demarcation problem Online-Ausg. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 2013: 30 [18 April 2018]. ISBN 9780226051826. （原始内容存档于2021-07-18）.
- ^ Hassani, Sadri. From Atoms to Galaxies: A Conceptual Physics Approach to Scientific Awareness. CRC Press. 2010: 641 [18 April 2018]. ISBN 9781439882849. （原始内容存档于2021-07-18） （英语）.
There are also activities that, although not classified (or claimed) as science, have implications that trespass into the scientific territories. Examples of this category of activities are the claim that we have been visited by aliens riding unidentified flying objects, all psychic phenomena, and faith healing. We study the nature of all these activities under the general heading of pseudoscience. . .
- ^ Erzinclioglu, Zakaria. Every Contact Leaves a Trace: Scientific Detection in the Twentieth Century. Carlton Books. 2000: 60 [2021-07-18]. ISBN 9781842221617. （原始内容存档于2022-04-07）.
For example, most scientists dismiss the notion of faith-healing, a phenomenon for which there is a certain amount of evidence.
- ^ See also:
Pitt, Joseph C.; Pera, Marcello. Rational Changes in Science: Essays on Scientific Reasoning. Springer Science & Business Media. 2012 [18 April 2018]. ISBN 9789400937796. （原始内容存档于2021-07-18） （英语）.
Such examples of pseudoscience as the theory of biorhythms, astrology, dianetics, creationism, faith healing may seem too obvious examples of pseudoscience for academic readers.
Zerbe, Michael J. Composition and the Rhetoric of Science: Engaging the Dominant Discourse. SIU Press. 2007: 86 [2021-07-18]. ISBN 9780809327409. （原始内容存档于2021-07-18） （英语）.
[T]he authors of the 2002 National Science Foundation Science and Engineering Indicators devoted and entire section of their report to the concern that the public is increasingly trusting in pseudoscience such as astrology, UFOs and alien abduction, extrasensory perception, channeling the dead, faith healing, and psychic hotlines.
Robert Cogan. Critical Thinking: Step by Step. University Press of America. 1998: 217. ISBN 9780761810674.
Faith healing is probably the most dangerous pseudoscience.
Leonard, Bill J.; Crainshaw, Jill Y. Encyclopedia of Religious Controversies in the United States: A-L. ABC-CLIO. 2013 [18 April 2018]. ISBN 9781598848670. （原始内容存档于2021-07-18） （英语）.
Certain approaches to faith healing are also widely considered to be pseudoscientific, including those of Christian Science, voodoo, and Spiritualism.
- ^ 信仰治療∶揭開巫醫神功的面紗. [19 Jul 2021]. ISBN 7544302903. （原始内容存档于2021-07-21） （中文（台湾））.
这是一本愤怒人写的书！这是一声要求“拨乱反正”的愤怒的呼号！在全球的各体育馆和演讲厅，那些成千上万自成风格的信仰疗法大师正在厚颜无耻地行骗。他们假装能召唤神帮助他们治疗疾病，实际却在疯狂地掠夺这些患者，夺走他们的尊严，健康和金钱。
- ^ 受正规治疗 信仰有助好转, 茂盛医院 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
- ^ Barrett, Stephen. Some Thoughts about Faith Healing. Quackwatch. December 27, 2009 [2014-01-23]. （原始内容存档于2014-02-09）.
- ^ 8.0 8.1 Faith Healing. American Cancer Society. 2013-01-17. （原始内容存档于2013-04-27）.
- ^ 为病人祈祷管用吗？, 《百科知识》2006年 第08S期, 李兴
- ^ Faith Healing （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Science Based Medicine