托吡酯

托吡酯
临床资料
商品名（英语：Drug nomenclature）	Topamax, Trokendi XR, Qudexy XR, others
其他名称	Topiramic acid
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a697012
核准状况	美 DailyMed: Topiramate;
怀孕分级	澳: D ; ;
给药途径	口服给药
ATC码	N03AX11 (WHO) ;
法律规范状态
法律规范	澳：限医生处方（S4）; 加：处方药（℞-only）; 欧：Rx-only; 英：处方药（℞-only） (POM); 美：处方药（℞-only）;
药物动力学数据
生物利用度	80%
血浆蛋白结合率	13–17%; 15–41%
药物代谢	肝脏（20–30%）
生物半衰期	21小时
排泄途径	尿液（70–80%）
识别信息
	IUPAC命名法 2,3:4,5-Bis-O-(1-methylethylidene)-β-D-fructopyranose sulfamate; ;
CAS号	97240-79-4
PubChem CID	5284627;
IUPHAR/BPS	6849;
DrugBank	DB00273 ;
ChemSpider	4447672 ;
UNII	0H73WJJ391;
KEGG	D00537 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL220492 ;
PDB配体ID	TOR (PDBe, RCSB PDB);
CompTox Dashboard（英语：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)	DTXSID8023688 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.129.713
化学信息
化学式	C12H21NO8S
摩尔质量	339.36 g·mol−1
3D模型（JSmol（英语：JSmol））	交互式图像;
	SMILES O=S(=O)(OC[C@@]21OC(O[C@H]1[C@@H]3OC(O[C@@H]3CO2)(C)C)(C)C)N;
	InChI InChI=1S/C12H21NO8S/c1-10(2)18-7-5-16-12(6-17-22(13,14)15)9(8(7)19-10)20-11(3,4)21-12/h7-9H,5-6H2,1-4H3,(H2,13,14,15)/t7-,8-,9+,12+/m1/s1 ; Key:KJADKKWYZYXHBB-XBWDGYHZSA-N ;

托吡酯（英语：Topiramate）的商品名妥泰（英语：Topamax），是治疗癫痫和预防偏头痛的口服药物^[8]。也可治疗酒精依赖^[8]。适用的癫痫类型，包括全身型癫痫（英语：Generalized epilepsy）或局部型癫痫（英语：Generalized epilepsy）^[9]。

常见副作用包括刺痛、食欲不振、疲倦、腹痛、落发和注意力不集中^[8] ^[9]。严重副作用包括可能自杀、血中氨浓度上升（造成脑病变）及肾结石^[8]。怀孕期使用可能会伤害婴儿，因此母乳哺育期间不建议使用^[10]。其作用机转仍不清楚^[8]。

托吡酯在1996年取得美国的医疗使用许可^[8]。已有学名药流通于市^[9]。2017年，美国最常用的处方药名列第77名，共开出超过一千万张处方^[11] ^[12]。

参考文献

^ Trokendi XR- topiramate capsule, extended release. DailyMed. [8 November 2021]. （原始内容存档于8 November 2021）.
^ Topamax- topiramate tablet, coated Topamax- topiramate capsule, coated pellets. DailyMed. [8 November 2021]. （原始内容存档于8 November 2021）.
^ Qsymia- phentermine and topiramate capsule, extended release. DailyMed. [8 November 2021]. （原始内容存档于26 October 2021）.
^ Qudexy XR- topiramate capsule, extended release. DailyMed. [8 November 2021]. （原始内容存档于8 November 2021）.
^ Eprontia - topiramate solution. DailyMed. [19 December 2021]. （原始内容存档于19 December 2021）.
^ Active substance(s): topiramate (PDF). List of nationally authorised medicinal products. European Medicines Agency. September 2022 [6 September 2022]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于6 September 2022）.
^ Anvisa. RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control]. 巴西联邦政府公报（英语：Diário Oficial da União）. 31 March 2023 (4 April 2023) [16 August 2023]. （原始内容存档于3 August 2023）（巴西葡萄牙语）.
^ ^8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 ^8.3 ^8.4 ^8.5 Topiramate Monograph for Professionals. Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [5 March 2019]. （原始内容存档于6 March 2019）（英语）. "Topiramate Monograph for Professionals".
^ ^9.0 ^9.1 ^9.2 British national formulary : BNF 76 76. Pharmaceutical Press. 2018: 328. ISBN 9780857113382. British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.).
^ Topiramate Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings. Drugs.com. [3 March 2019]. （原始内容存档于29 August 2021）（英语）.
^ The Top 300 of 2020. ClinCalc. [11 April 2020]. （原始内容存档于18 March 2020）.
^ Topiramate - Drug Usage Statistics. ClinCalc. 23 December 2019 [11 April 2020]. （原始内容存档于28 February 2020）.

外部连节

维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：托吡酯

[Trokendi_FDA_label-1] Trokendi XR- topiramate capsule, extended release. DailyMed. [8 November 2021]. （原始内容存档于8 November 2021）.

[Topamax_FDA_label-2] Topamax- topiramate tablet, coated Topamax- topiramate capsule, coated pellets. DailyMed. [8 November 2021]. （原始内容存档于8 November 2021）.

[Qsymia_FDA_label-3] Qsymia- phentermine and topiramate capsule, extended release. DailyMed. [8 November 2021]. （原始内容存档于26 October 2021）.

[Qudexy_FDA_label-4] Qudexy XR- topiramate capsule, extended release. DailyMed. [8 November 2021]. （原始内容存档于8 November 2021）.

[Eprontia_FDA_label-5] Eprontia - topiramate solution. DailyMed. [19 December 2021]. （原始内容存档于19 December 2021）.

[6] Active substance(s): topiramate (PDF). List of nationally authorised medicinal products. European Medicines Agency. September 2022 [6 September 2022]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于6 September 2022）.

[7] Anvisa. RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control]. 巴西联邦政府公报（英语：Diário Oficial da União）. 31 March 2023 (4 April 2023) [16 August 2023]. （原始内容存档于3 August 2023）（巴西葡萄牙语）.

[AHFS2019-8] 8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 ^8.3 ^8.4 ^8.5 Topiramate Monograph for Professionals. Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [5 March 2019]. （原始内容存档于6 March 2019）（英语）. "Topiramate Monograph for Professionals".

[BNF76-9] 9.0 ^9.1 ^9.2 British national formulary : BNF 76 76. Pharmaceutical Press. 2018: 328. ISBN 9780857113382. British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.).

[Preg2019-10] Topiramate Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings. Drugs.com. [3 March 2019]. （原始内容存档于29 August 2021）（英语）.

[ref-11] The Top 300 of 2020. ClinCalc. [11 April 2020]. （原始内容存档于18 March 2020）.

[ref1-12] Topiramate - Drug Usage Statistics. ClinCalc. 23 December 2019 [11 April 2020]. （原始内容存档于28 February 2020）.

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