奧迪括約肌

奧迪括約肌
奧迪括約肌
	十二指腸降部內部，可見膽乳頭
基本資訊
系統	消化系統
位置	圍繞十二指腸大乳頭
功能	控制胰液和膽汁分泌到十二指腸並防止十二指腸反流的環形肌（括約肌）。
標識字符
拉丁文	m. sphincter ampullae
縮寫	SO
MeSH	D009803
TA98	A05.8.02.018
TA2	3112
FMA	FMA:15077
	《解剖學術語》 [在維基數據上編輯]

奧迪括約肌（也稱為肝胰腺括約肌或格利森氏括約肌），是一種肌肉瓣膜，^[1]在包括人類在內的一些動物中，控制消化液（膽汁和胰液）從胰腺通過法特壺腹流入十二指腸第二部分。

結構

奧迪括約肌是環繞十二指腸大乳頭的環形肌帶（括約肌）。^[2]

功能

括約肌調節胰液和膽汁向十二指腸的分泌。^[2]它還可以防止十二指腸內容物回流到法特壺腹。^[2]

荷爾蒙膽囊收縮素^[3]^[4]通過血管活性腸肽使奧迪括約肌鬆弛。^[5]

臨床意義

阿片類藥物可能導致奧迪括約肌痙攣，使血清澱粉酶水平升高。^[6]

歷史

1887年，魯傑羅·奧迪首次描述了括約肌。^[7]這一描述是在對狗的生理機能進行了廣泛的研究，並對人類和許多其他物種進行了詳細的組織學檢查之後得出的。^[8]

其他動物

在許多哺乳動物（包括小鼠、豚鼠、狗和負鼠）中，法特壺腹周圍的平滑肌不會形成括約肌。^[1]

參考文獻

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Higashiyama, Hiroki; Sumitomo, Hiroyuki; Ozawa, Aisa; Igarashi, Hitomi; Tsunekawa, Naoki; Kurohmaru, Masamichi; Kanai, Yoshiakira. Anatomy of the Murine Hepatobiliary System: A Whole-Organ-Level Analysis Using a Transparency Method. Anatomical Record (Hoboken, N.J.: 2007). 2016-02, 299 (2) [2022-07-04]. ISSN 1932-8494. PMID 26559382. doi:10.1002/ar.23287. （原始內容存檔於2022-07-06）.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Horiguchi, Shin-ichiro; Kamisawa, Terumi. Major Duodenal Papilla and Its Normal Anatomy. Digestive Surgery. 2010, 27 (2) [2022-07-04]. ISSN 0253-4886. PMID 20551649. doi:10.1159/000288841. （原始內容存檔於2022-08-10）.
^ Costanzo, Linda S. Physiology 5th. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2011. ISBN 978-0-7817-9876-1. OCLC 612189031.
^ Liddle, Rodger A. CCK (Cholecystokinin). Martini, Luciano (編). Encyclopedia of Endocrine Diseases. New York: Elsevier. 2003-01-01: 485–489 [2022-07-04]. ISBN 978-0-12-475570-3. doi:10.1016/b0-12-475570-4/00260-2. （原始內容存檔於2022-07-12）（英語）.
^ Wiley, J. W.; O'Dorisio, T. M.; Owyang, C. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide mediates cholecystokinin-induced relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi. The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 1988-06, 81 (6) [2022-07-04]. ISSN 0021-9738. PMID 3384954. doi:10.1172/JCI113539. （原始內容存檔於2022-07-08）.
^ Druart-Blazy, Anne; Pariente, Alexandre; Berthelemy, Philippe; Arotçarena, Ramuntxo. The underestimated role of opiates in patients with suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction after cholecystectomy. Gastroenterologie Clinique Et Biologique. 2005-12, 29 (12) [2022-07-04]. ISSN 0399-8320. PMID 16518275. doi:10.1016/s0399-8320(05)82204-3. （原始內容存檔於2022-07-10）.
^ Ono, K.; Hada, R. Ruggero Oddi. To commemorate the centennial of his original article--"Di una speciale disposizione a sfintere allo sbocco del coledoco". The Japanese Journal of Surgery. 1988-07, 18 (4) [2022-07-04]. ISSN 0047-1909. PMID 3050213. doi:10.1007/BF02471459. （原始內容存檔於2022-07-13）.
^ Miller, Laurence J. Gastrointestinal Hormones and Receptors. Yamada, Tadataka (編). Textbook of Gastroenterology. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 2008-11-14: 56–85 [2022-07-04]. ISBN 978-1-4443-0325-4. doi:10.1002/9781444303254.ch4. （原始內容存檔於2022-07-06）（英語）.

延伸閱讀

Ballal, M. A.; Sanford, P. A. Physiology of the sphincter of Oddi--the present and the future?--Part 1. Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology: Official Journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association. 2000-09, 6 (3) [2022-07-02]. ISSN 1998-4049. PMID 19864708. （原始內容存檔於2022-07-06）.
Ballal, M. A.; Sanford, P. A. Physiology of the sphincter of Oddi: the present and the future?--Part 2. Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology: Official Journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association. 2001-01, 7 (1) [2022-07-02]. ISSN 1998-4049. PMID 19861760. （原始內容存檔於2022-07-04）.

[wiley-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Higashiyama, Hiroki; Sumitomo, Hiroyuki; Ozawa, Aisa; Igarashi, Hitomi; Tsunekawa, Naoki; Kurohmaru, Masamichi; Kanai, Yoshiakira. Anatomy of the Murine Hepatobiliary System: A Whole-Organ-Level Analysis Using a Transparency Method. Anatomical Record (Hoboken, N.J.: 2007). 2016-02, 299 (2) [2022-07-04]. ISSN 1932-8494. PMID 26559382. doi:10.1002/ar.23287. （原始內容存檔於2022-07-06）.

[karger-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Horiguchi, Shin-ichiro; Kamisawa, Terumi. Major Duodenal Papilla and Its Normal Anatomy. Digestive Surgery. 2010, 27 (2) [2022-07-04]. ISSN 0253-4886. PMID 20551649. doi:10.1159/000288841. （原始內容存檔於2022-08-10）.

[3] Costanzo, Linda S. Physiology 5th. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2011. ISBN 978-0-7817-9876-1. OCLC 612189031.

[4] Liddle, Rodger A. CCK (Cholecystokinin). Martini, Luciano (編). Encyclopedia of Endocrine Diseases. New York: Elsevier. 2003-01-01: 485–489 [2022-07-04]. ISBN 978-0-12-475570-3. doi:10.1016/b0-12-475570-4/00260-2. （原始內容存檔於2022-07-12）（英語）.

[5] Wiley, J. W.; O'Dorisio, T. M.; Owyang, C. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide mediates cholecystokinin-induced relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi. The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 1988-06, 81 (6) [2022-07-04]. ISSN 0021-9738. PMID 3384954. doi:10.1172/JCI113539. （原始內容存檔於2022-07-08）.

[6] Druart-Blazy, Anne; Pariente, Alexandre; Berthelemy, Philippe; Arotçarena, Ramuntxo. The underestimated role of opiates in patients with suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction after cholecystectomy. Gastroenterologie Clinique Et Biologique. 2005-12, 29 (12) [2022-07-04]. ISSN 0399-8320. PMID 16518275. doi:10.1016/s0399-8320(05)82204-3. （原始內容存檔於2022-07-10）.

[7] Ono, K.; Hada, R. Ruggero Oddi. To commemorate the centennial of his original article--"Di una speciale disposizione a sfintere allo sbocco del coledoco". The Japanese Journal of Surgery. 1988-07, 18 (4) [2022-07-04]. ISSN 0047-1909. PMID 3050213. doi:10.1007/BF02471459. （原始內容存檔於2022-07-13）.

[8] Miller, Laurence J. Gastrointestinal Hormones and Receptors. Yamada, Tadataka (編). Textbook of Gastroenterology. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 2008-11-14: 56–85 [2022-07-04]. ISBN 978-1-4443-0325-4. doi:10.1002/9781444303254.ch4. （原始內容存檔於2022-07-06）（英語）.

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