圖尚卡(英語:Tushonka, 俄語:тушёнка,音標:[tʊˈʂonkə],源自тущение – "燉煮")是一種罐裝燉肉,特別受俄羅斯和其他前東歐集團國家的歡迎。它已成為不同種類罐裝燉肉的通用名稱,其中並非所有都符合嚴格的GOST標準。[來源請求]

燉牛肉罐頭 (Tushonka)
燉牛肉, GOST 5284-84
類型燉肉濃湯
起源地俄羅斯

圖尚卡可以在極端情況下使用和保存,因此是獨聯體軍用食品供應的一部分。 [1]對於蘇聯人民來說,圖尚卡是軍事旅遊食品供應的一部分;在某些極端時期,圖尚卡只能用食品券更換。 [2]

與許多西方的罐裝肉製品不同,圖尚卡包含獨立的肉塊,而非碎肉。它與豬油和果凍混合在一起,更類似於肉凍,不像午餐肉屬於肉泥。

字面的тушёнка標籤常見於較便宜的類型,充滿果凍,可能使用內臟代替肉。高品質的 tushonka 可以是 govyadina(「牛肉」)或 svinina(「豬肉」)罐頭。一般的Tushonka也是如此,肉和豬油+果凍的比例接近50:50。

參考文獻

  1. ^ Gordon Rottman - Soviet Rifleman 1941-45 2007 Page 42 "Much of the field ration was bread, canned meats, and fresh and preserved vegetables. Dried peas were issued in packaged blocks. Black rye bread was baked in regimental bakeries. Tinned meats included tushonka (stewed pork or beef- ..."
  2. ^ Grover J. Sims -Meat and meat animals in World War II 1951 - Page 80 "The CCC also bought beef Tushonka for lend-lease shipment to Russia. Purchases, however, did not begin until 1944. Contracts let in that year totaled 34 million pounds; in 1945 purchases were slightly less. Beef Tushonka is prepared in the ..."