征服者-313戰鬥機

征服者-313戰鬥機; قاهر-۳۱۳‎
類型	隱形戰鬥機
原產國	伊朗
起役日期	未知
狀態	研發中（2013年）

征服者-313戰鬥機（波斯語：قاهر-۳۱۳‎，又有「Ghaher-313」、「Qaher-313」、「Q-313」、「F-313」多種稱呼與譯名）是伊朗空軍的一款研製中的單座隱形戰鬥機，於2013年2月1日首次對外公佈^[1]，其性能遽聞與美國製的F/A-18E/F「超級大黃蜂」戰鬥攻擊機相似。^[2]。2013年2月2日由總統馬哈茂德·艾哈邁迪內賈德與國防部長艾哈邁德·瓦希迪於伊斯蘭革命成功為期10天的紀念儀式中介紹^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]。

發展

據伊朗政府資料，征服者-313戰鬥機由伊朗國防部下屬部門、「伊朗航空工業組織」、伊朗空軍所研發與生產，研製工程由哈桑·帕法涅（Hassan Parvaneh）負責^[8]^[9]。

遽聞設計團隊已造出兩架縮小型的飛機模型與測試，一座模型使用螺旋槳發動機，另一座據影片顯示，使用微型渦輪噴射引擎^[10]。模型也被設計團隊公佈於影片中^[11]。

伊朗之外的媒體消息指出，該機可能無法滿足現有性能規格的要求，充其量只能作為一種大型的樣機或原型機^[4]^[7]^[12]^[13]，BBC新聞則指出這架飛機看似為美軍F22的廉價仿製品^[14]。以色列的《國土報》表示，「伊朗聲稱該機的飛行影像極為模糊，顯示似乎並非為載人機，反倒像小型的無線電操作機。」^[7]但之後的公佈照片表明該機雖然體積比各國主力戰機明顯小，然而確實能載一名駕駛員。

設計

據伊朗資料該機為隱形戰機，具低海拔作戰能力^[15]，還聲稱征服者以「先進材質」所造、低雷達檢測度^[14]，也有資料宣稱可於短跑道上進行起降，且容易維護^[16]。

《全球飛行》記述道，征服者類似於波音的「猛禽」（Bird of Prey）原型機，但有更多部份類似於1970年代的擁藍（Have Blue）原型機，後來該機發展成現已退役的F-117夜鷹戰鬥機。《全球飛行》還寫道「這是一款明顯尺寸較小的飛機，發動機可能取自於通用電氣的J-85渦輪發動機逆向工程所得的變體。」^[9]

資料來源

^ Iran to unveil new indigenous fighter jet. Iran: PressTV. 2013-02-01 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2014-07-30）.
^ 伊朗公佈征服者313新型國產戰鬥機外形很科幻互聯網檔案館的存檔，存檔日期2013-06-29.《大公報》2013-02-03
^ Iran president unveils Qaher-313 indigenous fighter jet. Iran: PressTV. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2016-01-10）.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 Iran unveils new indigenous stealth fighter “Qaher 313″. And here’s a detailed analysis. The Aviationist. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2018-06-11）.
^ Ahmadinejad unveils Iran's newest fighter jet. Google News. AP. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2013-02-06）.
^ Iran unveils futuristic-looking warplane. Philippine Daily Inquirer. AFP. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2018-08-26）.
^ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Turkey: U.S. Embassy bomber was convicted of terrorism in 1997. Haaretz. Reuters, Associated Press. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2015-02-07）（英語）. A closer look at the example presented to the regime’s leaders, including President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and Defense Minister Ahmad Vahidi, looks like little more than a glorified mock-up that seems to have been built with leftover props from a cheap science-fiction flick. [...] The blurry video published by the Iranians purporting to show the Qaher 313 in flight seems to show not a manned fighter jet but a small radio-operated drone.
^ Iran unveils advanced fighter jet F-313 (slideshow). The Economic Times (India). 2013-02-02: 6 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2017-07-03）.
^ ^9.0 ^9.1 Majumdar, Dave. Iran reveals new Qaher 313 stealth fighter. Flight Global. 2 February 2013 [3 February 2013]. （原始內容存檔於2019-11-07）.
^ Qaher-313 Inauguration Ceremony (arabic). Youtube (Tehran). 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-16）.
^ Qaher-313 (Persian). Youtube (Tehran). 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2020-01-04）.
^ Anshel Pfeffer. המפציץ החמקן האיראני – כנראה מטוס דמה שלא מסוגל לטוס [Iranian stealth bomber - probably a dummy plane that cannot fly]. Haaretz. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2020-02-13）（希伯來語）. השאלה הרצינית היחידה שמעלה הצגת המטוס, שכמעט בוודאות מעולם לא הופיע על שולחן השרטוט של מהנדס אווירונאוטי, אבל ללא ספק דרש אלפי שעות הפקה של אנשי התעמולה של המשטר, הוא על מי האיראנים מנסים לעבוד? [The only serious question raised by the display of the plane, that almost certainly never appeared on the drawing board of an aeronautical engineer, but certainly demanded thousands of production hours of the regime's propaganda, is who are the Iranians trying to deceive?]
^ Iranian technology: Domestic triumph or monkey business?. Israel HaYom. 2013-02-03 [2013-02-03]. （原始內容存檔於2020-10-15）（希伯來語）. Officials in Israel's defense establishment cast doubt on the capabilities of the F-313. "Without knowing too much, it looks like the plane has many flaws. Developing a fighter jet is not a simple task. It's quite unlikely that this plane will be a cause of concern for the Israeli Air Force..."
^ ^14.0 ^14.1 Cyrus Amini. Qaher F313: Iran unveils home-made 'stealth' fighter (report with video). BBC Persian (BBC News Online). 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2018-12-09）.
^ Iran unveils domestically built fighter jet. Emirates 24/7. AFP. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2021-05-13）.
^ Iran’s super advanced Qaher-313 can evade radars: Defense minister. Iran: PressTV. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2015-09-24）.

外部連結

（波斯文）伊朗國防部網站

[PressTV_2013-02-01-1] Iran to unveil new indigenous fighter jet. Iran: PressTV. 2013-02-01 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2014-07-30）.

[2] 伊朗公佈征服者313新型國產戰鬥機外形很科幻互聯網檔案館的存檔，存檔日期2013-06-29.《大公報》2013-02-03

[PressTV_2013-02-02_a-3] Iran president unveils Qaher-313 indigenous fighter jet. Iran: PressTV. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2016-01-10）.

[Aviationist_2013-02-02-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Iran unveils new indigenous stealth fighter “Qaher 313″. And here’s a detailed analysis. The Aviationist. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2018-06-11）.

[GoogleNews_2013-02-02-5] Ahmadinejad unveils Iran's newest fighter jet. Google News. AP. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2013-02-06）.

[InquirerNews_2013-02-02-6] Iran unveils futuristic-looking warplane. Philippine Daily Inquirer. AFP. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2018-08-26）.

[Haaretz_b_2013-02-02-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Turkey: U.S. Embassy bomber was convicted of terrorism in 1997. Haaretz. Reuters, Associated Press. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2015-02-07）（英語）. A closer look at the example presented to the regime’s leaders, including President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and Defense Minister Ahmad Vahidi, looks like little more than a glorified mock-up that seems to have been built with leftover props from a cheap science-fiction flick. [...] The blurry video published by the Iranians purporting to show the Qaher 313 in flight seems to show not a manned fighter jet but a small radio-operated drone.

[EconomicTimes_2013-02-02-8] Iran unveils advanced fighter jet F-313 (slideshow). The Economic Times (India). 2013-02-02: 6 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2017-07-03）.

[Majumdar02Feb13-9] 9.0 ^9.1 Majumdar, Dave. Iran reveals new Qaher 313 stealth fighter. Flight Global. 2 February 2013 [3 February 2013]. （原始內容存檔於2019-11-07）.

[10] Qaher-313 Inauguration Ceremony (arabic). Youtube (Tehran). 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-16）.

[11] Qaher-313 (Persian). Youtube (Tehran). 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2020-01-04）.

[Haaretz_a_2013-02-02-12] Anshel Pfeffer. המפציץ החמקן האיראני – כנראה מטוס דמה שלא מסוגל לטוס [Iranian stealth bomber - probably a dummy plane that cannot fly]. Haaretz. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2020-02-13）（希伯來語）. השאלה הרצינית היחידה שמעלה הצגת המטוס, שכמעט בוודאות מעולם לא הופיע על שולחן השרטוט של מהנדס אווירונאוטי, אבל ללא ספק דרש אלפי שעות הפקה של אנשי התעמולה של המשטר, הוא על מי האיראנים מנסים לעבוד? [The only serious question raised by the display of the plane, that almost certainly never appeared on the drawing board of an aeronautical engineer, but certainly demanded thousands of production hours of the regime's propaganda, is who are the Iranians trying to deceive?]

[IsraelHaYom_2013-02-03-13] Iranian technology: Domestic triumph or monkey business?. Israel HaYom. 2013-02-03 [2013-02-03]. （原始內容存檔於2020-10-15）（希伯來語）. Officials in Israel's defense establishment cast doubt on the capabilities of the F-313. "Without knowing too much, it looks like the plane has many flaws. Developing a fighter jet is not a simple task. It's quite unlikely that this plane will be a cause of concern for the Israeli Air Force..."

[BBC_2013-02-02-14] 14.0 ^14.1 Cyrus Amini. Qaher F313: Iran unveils home-made 'stealth' fighter (report with video). BBC Persian (BBC News Online). 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2018-12-09）.

[Emirates247_2013-02-02-15] Iran unveils domestically built fighter jet. Emirates 24/7. AFP. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2021-05-13）.

[PressTV_2013-02-02_b-16] Iran’s super advanced Qaher-313 can evade radars: Defense minister. Iran: PressTV. 2013-02-02 [2013-02-02]. （原始內容存檔於2015-09-24）.

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征服者-313戰鬥機 قاهر-۳۱۳‎

類型	隱形戰鬥機
原產國	伊朗
起役日期	未知
狀態	研發中（2013年）