紅蘿蔔湯

紅蘿蔔湯(在法語中被稱之為potage de Crécypotage Crécypotage à la Crécypurée à la Crécy,以及crème à la Crécy[1][2][3][4])是一種以紅蘿蔔為原料製成的蔬菜湯[5]這種湯還可以製成忌廉湯或者上湯。在製作過程中還可以添加蔬菜、除紅蘿蔔以外的根莖類蔬菜英語root vegetables和其他各種配料。成湯以後既可以冷食也可以熱食,且包含多種做法。

一碗紅蘿蔔忌廉湯

概述

紅蘿蔔湯可以做成奶油風味的湯[6][7]或者上湯[8][9]兩種湯均可以使用蔬菜原汁[10]或雞湯作為配料。[11][12]湯裏面除了紅蘿蔔還可以使用其他蔬菜,包括大蒜[8]洋蔥[7][2]薯仔[9][13][14]蕪菁[15]根莖類蔬菜英語root vegetables。製作過程中也可以添加紅蘿蔔汁以及橙汁,[5][16][17][18]有時會在裏面添加蘿蔔英語purée[14][19]使用紅蘿蔔泥製作的紅蘿蔔湯可能會有濃稠感,而且口感也很順滑。[20]烹飪之後可以用筲箕過濾菜餚。[14][21][22]所使用的紅蘿蔔可以去皮或不去皮,去皮的紅蘿蔔可以使菜泥更加順滑。[19]湯的顏色會根據所用的紅蘿蔔的顏色而有所差異。[23]嫩紅蘿蔔往往會使湯更甜,並賦予其鮮艷的橙色。而老的和大的紅蘿蔔甜度較低,可能會使湯呈現黃色。使用內部質地木質化的老紅蘿蔔或有裂紋的紅蘿蔔可能會使湯的質量變得較差。[2]

紅蘿蔔湯的配料存在多種變化。有些蘿蔔湯的配料里包含椰奶椰子水、椰漿、椰膏英語coconut butter或椰子片。[16][23][24][25]而有些時候則把生薑當作配料,[26][27][28]有些時候則是咖喱[16][24]紅蘿蔔頂部的綠葉也可以當作這道菜的配料。[13]切好的薄荷葉有時也會被使用。[5][29]鹽和胡椒可用於給菜餚調味[8]有時也會使用肉豆蔻作為調料。[30][31][32]有時也會在紅蘿蔔湯做好後在上面加入酸奶、酸奶醬、法式酸忌廉酸忌廉[10][12][23][33][34],以及其他配料。

英國,一種比普通紅蘿蔔湯更受歡迎的獨特湯品是紅蘿蔔香菜湯,這種湯品由粗糙地切成的或磨碎的紅蘿蔔、大蒜和香菜製成。[35][36]

橘子英語Zest (ingredient)既可以用作紅蘿蔔湯的裝飾菜英語Garnish (food),也可以用作菜餚本身的一種配料,或者二者皆可。[16][17][37][38]其他可以用於裝飾紅蘿蔔湯的蔬菜包括蒔蘿、紅蘿蔔葉、[7][33]磨碎,切碎或者切成丁的紅蘿蔔、[23]細香蔥[10][29],還有其他新鮮的且切碎的雲呢拿、麵包丁和土司塊[1][11][14][15][22]等等。

紅蘿蔔湯里可能含有大量的亞硝酸鹽[39]

在法國菜中的紅蘿蔔湯

 
克雷西紅蘿蔔濃湯英語Potage

紅蘿蔔湯,又稱克雷西濃湯(法語:potage de Crécypotage Crécy等),被譽為法國料理中的「經典」和「著名」菜餚。[1][20][40]這種濃湯英語Potage以法國北部索姆省市鎮克雷西昂蓬蒂約命名,據說該地生產的紅蘿蔔味道最佳。[41][42]

在法國料理中,克雷西濃湯通常與米飯一起烹製。米飯有時候可以作為這種濃湯的小菜[2][22][43][44]有時也可以作為使這種湯品變稠的配料,[45][46]大麥也曾被當作這種配料。[45]

歷史

儘管現代的味道甜且顏色為橙色的紅蘿蔔直到16世紀才在低地國家被培育出來,但即便如此,英國人曾經依然習慣於每年8月26日的時候食用紅蘿蔔濃湯,以紀念1346年8月26日在法國克雷西昂蓬蒂約發生的克雷西會戰[30][41]

英國國王愛德華七世在1901年至1910年期間每逢克雷西會戰的周年紀念日都會食用紅蘿蔔濃湯,[30]以此來紀念自己領導這場戰役的祖先黑太子愛德華[30]亨利·史密斯認為,人們在克雷西戰役結束之後用了產自克雷西的紅蘿蔔為打贏這場戰役的英國士兵熬製了這道湯。[4]奧地利兒科醫生恩斯特·摩洛英語Ernst Moro發明了摩洛版的紅蘿蔔湯,這種紅蘿蔔湯已被證明能夠有效對抗由具有抗生素抗藥性的細菌引起的腹瀉[47]

參見

參考資料

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