髋
髋（英语：hip，拉丁语：coxa[1]）在脊椎动物解剖学中既可指代一个解剖学区域，亦可指代一个关节。
| 髋 | |
|---|---|
 髋关节的骨骼 | |
| 标识字符 | |
| 拉丁文 | coxa |
| 希腊文 | ισχίο |
| MeSH | D006615 |
| TA98 | A01.2.08.005、A01.1.00.034 |
| TA2 | 316、158 |
| FMA | FMA:24964 |
| 格雷氏 | p.333 |
| 《解剖学术语》 [在维基数据上编辑] | |
髋区（hip region）是位于臀区的外侧和前侧，低于髂嵴，覆盖股骨大转子的区域[2]；由表面解剖观之，即骨盆侧方从腰部延伸到大腿的隆起。髋区的组分除了骨骼结构、关节间隙外，亦包含相连的软组织（肌腱、韧带、肌肉、浆液滑囊、神经血管结构）。在成年人，骨盆的三块骨头已融合为髋骨（含髋臼），构成髋区的一部分；而股骨大转子是髋区最明显且可触及的骨质结构。由于髋区是胸部以下最宽之处，汉字作“髋”[3]。
髋关节（hip joint）科学上称为髋臼股骨关节（art. coxae），是股骨头和骨盆髋臼之间的关节；其主要功能是在静态（如站立）和动态（如行走或跑步）姿势下支撑身体重量。髋关节在保持平衡与维持盆倾角方面，有非常重要的作用。饮酒过量对髋关节有不良影响。[4]
图像
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髋关节，侧视图。 -
Hip joint. Lateral view. -
Muscles of Thigh. Anterior views. -
Illustration of Hip (Frontal view). -
![X-ray of the hip, with measurements used in X-ray of hip dysplasia in adults.[5]](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Iliopectineal_line%2C_ilioischial_line%2C_tear_drop%2C_acetabular_fossa%2C_and_anterior_and_posterior_wall_of_the_acetabulumi.jpg/120px-Iliopectineal_line%2C_ilioischial_line%2C_tear_drop%2C_acetabular_fossa%2C_and_anterior_and_posterior_wall_of_the_acetabulumi.jpg)
![X-ray of the hip, with measurements used in X-ray of hip dysplasia in adults.[5]](/wiki/File:Iliopectineal_line,_ilioischial_line,_tear_drop,_acetabular_fossa,_and_anterior_and_posterior_wall_of_the_acetabulumi.jpg)
参考资料
- ^ Latin coxa was used by Celsus in the sense "hip", but by Pliny the Elder in the sense "hip bone" (Diab, p 77)
- ^ MediLexicon
- ^ 存档副本. [2021-11-28]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-28）.
- ^ 存档副本. [2022-12-28]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-28）.
- ^ Ruiz Santiago, Fernando; Santiago Chinchilla, Alicia; Ansari, Afshin; Guzmán Álvarez, Luis; Castellano García, Maria del Mar; Martínez Martínez, Alberto; Tercedor Sánchez, Juan. Imaging of Hip Pain: From Radiography to Cross-Sectional Imaging Techniques. Radiology Research and Practice. 2016, 2016: 1–15. ISSN 2090-1941. PMC 4738697
. PMID 26885391. doi:10.1155/2016/6369237. (Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
参考文献
- Clemente, Carmine D. Clemente's Anatomy Dissector. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2006 [2021-10-02]. ISBN 0-7817-6339-8. （原始内容存档于2021-10-02）.
- Diab, Mohammad. Lexicon of Orthopaedic Etymology. Taylor & Francis. 1999 [2021-10-02]. ISBN 90-5702-597-3. （原始内容存档于2020-08-03）.
- Faller, Adolf; Schuenke, Michael; Schuenke, Gabriele. The Human Body: An Introduction to Structure and Function. Thieme. 2004. ISBN 3-13-129271-7.
- Field, Derek. Anatomy: palpation and surface markings 3rd. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2001. ISBN 0-7506-4618-7.
- Hip Region. MediLexicon. [2009-06-04]. （原始内容存档于2011-07-16）.
- Palastanga, Nigel; Field, Derek; Soames, Roger. Anatomy and human movement: structure and function 5th. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2006 [2021-10-02]. ISBN 0-7506-8814-9. （原始内容存档于2021-10-11）.
- Platzer, Werner. Color Atlas of Human Anatomy, Vol. 1: Locomotor System 5th. Thieme. 2004. ISBN 3-13-533305-1.
- Thieme Atlas of Anatomy: General Anatomy and Musculoskeletal System. Thieme. 2006. ISBN 978-1-58890-419-5.
