着装守则

服装是人类形象基础的一部分，除了满足基本的保护和修饰功能之外，它的每个配件也传达出不同的文化和社会意义，在绝大多数的人文社会中都有属于自己的着装守则，其中的大部分规则都是不成文规定但被大多数人所接受的。而着装守则的主要目的通常是为了传达着装者的某种讯息，例如着装者的职业、社会地位、社会性别、宗教信仰、性暗示及其他。

有一些地方的学校，例如亚洲的一些国家，都要求学生穿着校服上学，^[1]^[2]一些地方甚至对学生的发型有所规范，而对发型的规范又称为“发禁”。很多其他的职业，如军队、警察、僧侣、神职人员等，也有自己的制服和发型规定；很多私人企业也会对员工的服装仪容甚至发型做出规范，一些社交场合也会对参与者服装仪容和发型等做出规范。

要求服装仪容规范可能有好处，像例如就学校的情境而言，尽管有些研究认为制服无助改善学生的课业和行为表现^[3]^[4]，但也有相当数量的研究显示，引进学校制服有助改善学生整体的课业和行为表现。^[5]^[6]^[7]；比起没有制服的学校，有制服的学校的老师所感受的校园帮派活动校少，反之比起有制服的学校，没有制服的学校的学生有较高的自我知觉。^[8]^[9]

参考文献

^ 管了百年高中制服解禁. 苹果日报. [2017-03-03]. （原始内容存档于2017-09-17）（中文（台湾））.
^ 刘扬铭. 廢除服儀規定，才是制服文化的開始？. 鸣人堂. [2017-03-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-20）（中文（台湾））.
^ Ryan Yeung. Are School Uniforms a Good Fit?: Results From the ECLS-K and the NELS. 2009-10-22 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1177/0895904808330170. （原始内容存档于2020-11-14）.
^ David L. Brunsma &Kerry A. Rockquemore. Effects of Student Uniforms on Attendance, Behavior Problems, Substance Use, and Academic Achievement. The Journal of Educational Research. 1998, 92 (1): 53–62 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1080/00220679809597575. （原始内容存档于2020-11-27）.
^ Chris Baumann , Hana Krskova. School discipline, school uniforms and academic performance. International Journal of Educational Management. 2016-08-08, 30 (6): 1003–1029 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1108/IJEM-09-2015-0118. （原始内容存档于2021-01-27）.
^ Elisabetta Gentile, Scott A. Imberman. Dressed for success? The effect of school uniforms on student achievement and behavior. Journal of Urban Economics. 2012-01, 71 (1): 1–17 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1016/j.jue.2011.10.002. （原始内容存档于2021-01-27）.
^ Ann Bodine. School Uniforms, Academic Achievement, and Uses of Research. The Journal of Educational Research. 2003, 97 (2): 67–71 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1080/00220670309597509. （原始内容存档于2021-12-21）.
^ Kathleen Kiley Wade, Mary E. Stafford. Public School Uniforms: Effect on Perceptions of Gang Presence, School Climate, and Student Self-Perceptions. Education and Urban Society. 2003-08-01, 35 (4): 399–420 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1177/0013124503255002. （原始内容存档于2020-11-09）.
^ Denise-Marie Ordway. School uniforms: Do they really improve student achievement, behavior?. Journalist's Resource. [2021-02-15]. （原始内容存档于2020-12-03）.

参见

[1] 管了百年高中制服解禁. 苹果日报. [2017-03-03]. （原始内容存档于2017-09-17）（中文（台湾））.

[2] 刘扬铭. 廢除服儀規定，才是制服文化的開始？. 鸣人堂. [2017-03-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-20）（中文（台湾））.

[3] Ryan Yeung. Are School Uniforms a Good Fit?: Results From the ECLS-K and the NELS. 2009-10-22 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1177/0895904808330170. （原始内容存档于2020-11-14）.

[4] David L. Brunsma &Kerry A. Rockquemore. Effects of Student Uniforms on Attendance, Behavior Problems, Substance Use, and Academic Achievement. The Journal of Educational Research. 1998, 92 (1): 53–62 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1080/00220679809597575. （原始内容存档于2020-11-27）.

[5] Chris Baumann , Hana Krskova. School discipline, school uniforms and academic performance. International Journal of Educational Management. 2016-08-08, 30 (6): 1003–1029 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1108/IJEM-09-2015-0118. （原始内容存档于2021-01-27）.

[6] Elisabetta Gentile, Scott A. Imberman. Dressed for success? The effect of school uniforms on student achievement and behavior. Journal of Urban Economics. 2012-01, 71 (1): 1–17 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1016/j.jue.2011.10.002. （原始内容存档于2021-01-27）.

[7] Ann Bodine. School Uniforms, Academic Achievement, and Uses of Research. The Journal of Educational Research. 2003, 97 (2): 67–71 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1080/00220670309597509. （原始内容存档于2021-12-21）.

[8] Kathleen Kiley Wade, Mary E. Stafford. Public School Uniforms: Effect on Perceptions of Gang Presence, School Climate, and Student Self-Perceptions. Education and Urban Society. 2003-08-01, 35 (4): 399–420 [2021-02-15]. doi:10.1177/0013124503255002. （原始内容存档于2020-11-09）.

[9] Denise-Marie Ordway. School uniforms: Do they really improve student achievement, behavior?. Journalist's Resource. [2021-02-15]. （原始内容存档于2020-12-03）.

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