铅酸盐

在化学中，铅酸盐（英语：plumbate）通常指一组化合物，可以视为假想的PbO2−
3阴离子的衍生物。该词也可以指铅的任何阴离子或其盐。

例子

卤代铅酸盐

([PbI
3]−
)
n、[Pb
6I
16]⁴⁻、[Pb
18I
44]⁸⁻等的盐称作碘铅酸盐。^[1]^[2]具钙钛矿结构的铅半导体也有铅酸盐之称。^[3]

铅的含氧阴离子

铅酸盐由二氧化铅（PbO
2）与碱的反应生成。^[4]^[5] 铅酸盐可以含有六水合铅(IV)酸根（又称铅酸根离子，[Pb(OH)
6]²⁻），或含有无水的PbO2−
3（偏铅酸根）或PbO4−
4（原铅酸根）。^[4]例如，将PbO
2溶于氢氧化钾的热浓水溶液会形成六水合铅(IV)酸钾，K
2[Pb(OH)
6]。将金属的氧化物或氢氧化物与PbO
2共热，或可以合成无水盐。

得到最广泛讨论的铅酸盐是铅酸钡（BaPbO
3）的衍生物。往它注入铋，替代铅时，BaPb
0.95Bi
0.05O
3这个材料会在13 K出现超导现象。^[6]

铅的二元氧化物

四氧化三铅（红铅）是混合价态的氧化物，化学式为Pb
3O
4。它可以视作原铅(IV)酸根铅(II)，[Pb²⁺]
2[PbO4−
4]。三氧化二铅（Pb
2O
3）也已知存在，结构为偏铅(IV)酸根铅(II)，[Pb²⁺][PbO2−
3]。^[4]

参考文献

^ Krautscheid, Harald; Lode, Christine; Vielsack, Frieder; Vollmer, Heike. Synthesis and Crystal Structures of Iodoplumbate Chains, Ribbons and Rods with New Structural Types. Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions. 2001, (7): 1099–1104. doi:10.1039/b009488i.
^ Krautscheid, Harald; Vielsack, Frieder. [Pb18I44]8−–An Iodoplumbate with an Unusual Structure. Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English. 1995, 34 (18): 2035–2037. doi:10.1002/anie.199520351.
^ Yusoff, Abd. Rashid bin Mohd; Nazeeruddin, Mohammad Khaja. Organohalide Lead Perovskites for Photovoltaic Applications. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. 2016, 7 (5): 851–866. PMID 26885884. doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b02893.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Egon Wiberg; Nils Wiberg; Arnold Frederick Holleman. Inorganic chemistry. Academic Press. 2001: 920. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
^ Newell, Lyman C.; Maxson. Lead Dioxide. Inorganic Syntheses. 1939, 1: 45–47. doi:10.1002/9780470132326.ch16.
^ Sleight, A.W.; Gillson, J.L.; Bierstedt, P.E. High-Temperature Superconductivity in the BaPb_1−xBi_xO₃ Systems. Solid State Communications. 1975, 17 (1): 27–28. Bibcode:1975SSCom..17...27S. doi:10.1016/0038-1098(75)90327-0.

外部链接

National Pollutant Inventory - Lead and Lead Compounds Fact Sheet

[1] Krautscheid, Harald; Lode, Christine; Vielsack, Frieder; Vollmer, Heike. Synthesis and Crystal Structures of Iodoplumbate Chains, Ribbons and Rods with New Structural Types. Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions. 2001, (7): 1099–1104. doi:10.1039/b009488i.

[2] Krautscheid, Harald; Vielsack, Frieder. [Pb18I44]8−–An Iodoplumbate with an Unusual Structure. Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English. 1995, 34 (18): 2035–2037. doi:10.1002/anie.199520351.

[3] Yusoff, Abd. Rashid bin Mohd; Nazeeruddin, Mohammad Khaja. Organohalide Lead Perovskites for Photovoltaic Applications. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. 2016, 7 (5): 851–866. PMID 26885884. doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b02893.

[wiberg_holleman2001-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Egon Wiberg; Nils Wiberg; Arnold Frederick Holleman. Inorganic chemistry. Academic Press. 2001: 920. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.

[5] Newell, Lyman C.; Maxson. Lead Dioxide. Inorganic Syntheses. 1939, 1: 45–47. doi:10.1002/9780470132326.ch16.

[6] Sleight, A.W.; Gillson, J.L.; Bierstedt, P.E. High-Temperature Superconductivity in the BaPb_1−xBi_xO₃ Systems. Solid State Communications. 1975, 17 (1): 27–28. Bibcode:1975SSCom..17...27S. doi:10.1016/0038-1098(75)90327-0.

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