變質礫岩

變質礫岩(英語:metaconglomerate)是礫岩經過變質作用後形成的岩石類型。礫岩是由卵石或較大的碎屑顆粒和基質組成,其基質為沙、淤泥或黏土。變質礫岩與礫岩組成相似,但其碎屑顆粒會經過變質而變形。礫岩的基質固結不如其碎屑顆粒,因此當破碎時,礫岩中的碎屑顆粒會從基質破裂而出。然而,變質礫岩破碎時其碎屑顆粒和基質會同時破裂,因其基質已經變質重結晶[1]

美國加州聖地牙哥縣侏羅紀變質礫岩
巴西變質礫岩

變質礫岩有時呈葉片狀,其生成變質環境與板岩千枚岩相同,但母岩(原岩)是礫岩,而不是黏土[2]

西澳大利亞傑克山的變質礫岩是碎屑鋯石的源岩,這些碎屑鋯石的歷史可追溯至44億年[3][4]

參考文獻

  1. ^ Metaconglomerate
  2. ^ Essentials of Geology, 3rd Ed, Stephen Marshak
  3. ^ VALLEY, John W.1, CAVOSIE, A.J., WILDE, S.A., GRANT, M., and LIU, Dunyi, JACK HILLS METACONGLOMERATE: EVIDENCE OF EARLY AND LATE ARCHEAN HYDROSPHERE, The Geological Society of America, 2002 Denver Annual Meeting http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2002AM/finalprogram/abstract_39602.htm
  4. ^ ftp://rock.geosociety.org/pub/reposit/2002/2002034.pdf from: Peck, W.H., Valley, J.W., Wilde, S.A., and Graham, C.M., 2001, Oxygen isotope ratios and rare earth elements in 3.3 to 4.4 ga zircons: Ion microprobe evidence for high δ18O continental crust in the early Archean: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 65, p. 4215-4229.