察合台汗

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察合台汗察合台汗國可汗,第一任可汗是成吉思汗次子察合台,1227年察合台獲得原屬西遼的封地。1680年察合台系的葉爾羌汗國被蒙古準噶爾汗國吞併,該汗位終止。

注意:以下列表並不完整,且有時會不完全準確。而且此列表未包含一些只統治了很少或不太重要的土地的察合台旁系。

察合台汗列表

Titular Name Personal Name Reign
Khan
خان
察合台
چغتائی خان
1224–1242 C.E.
Khan
خان
哈剌旭烈
قارا ہلاکو
1242–1246 C.E. 1st Reign
Khan
خان
也速蒙哥
یہسو مونکو
1246–1251 C.E.
Khan
خان
木八剌沙
مبارک شاہ
His mother Orqina Khatun was regent during this time
1252–1260 C.E. 1st Reign
Khan
خان
阿魯忽
الغو
1260–1266 C.E.
Khan
خان
木八剌沙
مبارک شاہ
1266 C.E. 2nd Reign
Khan
خان
八剌
غیاث الدین باراق
1266–1271 C.E.
海都 及其子察八兒從1270年至1304年為實際統治的汗王。當時察合台汗為他們所扶立,其實是他們的傀儡,但是當他們嘗試實質統治,察合台汗都會反抗。
Khan
خان
聶古伯
نہگوبائی
Under Kaidu bin Kashin
1271–1272 C.E.
Khan
خان
禿里帖木兒
بغا تیمور بن قداقچی
Under Kaidu bin Kashin
1272 C.E.
Khan
خان
篤哇
دووا
Under Kaidu bin Kashin & Chapar bin Kaidu
1272–1306 C.E.
Restoration of Chagatai Khanate independence.
Khan
خان
寬闍
دووا
1306–1308 C.E.
Khan
خان
塔里忽
کونچہک
1308–1309 C.E.
Khan
خان
也先不花
تالقو بن قداقچی
1310–1320 C.E.
Khan
خان
怯別
قبق بن دووا
1320–1326 C.E. 1st Reign
Khan
خان
燕只吉台
ایشان بغا
1326–1329 C.E.
Khan
خان
都來帖木兒
قبق بن دووا
1329–1330 C.E. 2nd Reign
Khan
خان
答兒麻失里
 ?
1330–1334 C.E.
Khan
خان
不贊
دووا تیمور
1334–1335 C.E.
Khan
خان
敞失
علاء الدین تارماشیریں
1335–1338 C.E.
Khan
خان
也孫帖木兒
بوزان
1338–1342 C.E.
Khan
خان
阿里算端
چانگشی
1342 C.E.
Khan
خان
麻哈沒的
یسون تیمور
1342–1343 C.E.
Khan
خان
合贊算端
علی سلطان
1343-1346 C.E.
During Amir Qazaghan's reign the Chagatai Khanate devolved into a loose confederation of tribes. This resulted in the Division of the Empire in 1347 C.E. into the Western Chagatai Khanate and Eastern part known as Moghulistan under Tughlugh Timur.
    • Blue Rows Signifies Nominal Rule.

西察合台汗國和東察合台汗國可汗

西察合台汗國 東察合台汗國
答失蠻察
بیان قلی
Under Amir Qazaghan & Abdullah bin Qazaghan英語Abdullah (Chagatai Khanate)
1348–1358 C.E.
禿忽魯帖木兒
تغلق تیمور
1347–1360 C.E.
拜延忽里
شاہ تیمور
Under Abdullah bin Qazaghan英語Abdullah (Chagatai Khanate)
1358 C.E.
禿忽魯帖木兒
تغلق تیمور
(Tribes of Chagatai Khanate rebelled against Abdullah bin Qazaghan英語Abdullah (Chagatai Khanate) who was of the Qara'unas英語Qara'unas forcing him to retreat but the coalition of Suldus under Buyan Suldus英語Buyan Suldus and Barlas under Hajji Beg collapsed; anarchy reigned in Chagatai Khanate. This power vacuum allowed Tughlugh Timur to move in without much resistance only Hajji Beg英語Hajji Beg who was defiant had to make his escape. Tughlugh Timur then appointed Timur Gurkani as Chief of Barlas tribe and returned to his capital. However he was back in the region next year with the view of removing most Amirs and to consolidate his grip on his new conquered territory. He executed several amirs, including Amir Bayazid and Buyan Suldus英語Buyan Suldus. The son of Abdullah bin Qazaghan英語Abdullah (Chagatai Khanate) named Amir Husayn was the new Chief of the Qara'unas英語Qara'unas and resisted the powerful King of Moghulistan but was also defeated, however he would return after the king's death.Tughlugh Timur before leaving for his capital left his son Ilyas Khoja as viceroy of Chagatai Khanate region. The ruthlessness with which the Moghuls ruled the region caused many to oppose them, including Amir Husayn of the Qara'unas英語Qara'unas and Timur of the Barlas. Together they faced an army of Moghuls and local tribes loyal to Ilyas Khoja, and defeated them. Shortly afterwards, Tughlugh Timur died and Ilyas Khoja left for Moghulistan to take power. The tribes nominated and placed Adil-Sultan as nominal Khan of Chagatai Khanate.
1360–1363 C.E.
阿的勒算端
عادل سلطان
Under Tribal Confederation of Amir Husayn and Amir Timur
1363 C.E.
也里牙思火者
الیاس خوجہ
1363–1368 C.E.
合不勒沙
خابول شاہ
Under Amir Husayn
1364–1370 C.E.
哈馬兒丁
قمر الدین خان دغلت
Usurper
1368–1392 C.E.
昔兀兒海迷失

Under Amir Timur
1370–1384 C.E.
麻哈沒的算端
سلطان محمود خان
Under Amir Timur. Sultan Mahmud's death in 1402 marked the effective end of the line of Chagatai Khans in Transoxiana, who had long been mere figureheads and the rise of Timurid dynasty.
1384–1402 C.E.
黑的兒火者
خضر خوجہ
1389–1399
    • Transoxiana remained in the hands of Timur and his successors. For Continued list of Rulers of Moghulistan See below.

東察合台汗國可汗列表

Titular Name(s) Personal Name Reign
Khan
خان
禿忽魯帖木兒
تغلق تیمور
1348–1363 C.E.
Khan
خان
也里牙思火者
الیاس خوجہ
1363–1368 C.E.
Khan
خان
哈馬兒丁
قمر الدین خان دغلت
1368–1392 C.E.
Khan
خان
黑的兒火者
خضر خوجہ
1389–1399 C.E.
Khan
خان
沙迷查干
شمس جہان
1399–1408 C.E.
Khan
خان
馬哈麻
محمد خان
1408–1415 C.E.
Khan
خان
納黑失只罕
نقش جہان
1415–1418 C.E.
Khan
خان
歪思汗
اویس خان
1418–1421 C.E.
1st reign
Khan
خان
失兒馬黑麻
شیر محمد
1421–1425 C.E.
Khan
خان
歪思汗
اویس خان
1425–1429 C.E.
2nd reign
Khan
خان
薩圖克
ستوق خان
1429–1434 C.E.
Khan
خان
也先不花二世
ایشان بغا ثانی
1429–1462 C.E.
Division of Moghulistan into Western Moghulistan and eastern Uyghurstan.
  • Green shaded row signifies rule of Usurper.

東察合台汗國東部吐魯番汗國和西部葉爾羌汗國可汗

蒙兀兒斯坦 吐魯番汗國
羽奴思
یونس خان
1462–1469 C.E.
篤思忒馬黑麻
دوست محمد خان
1462–1468 C.E.
怯別二世
قبق سلطان
1469 C.E.
羽奴思
یونس خان
1469–1487 C.E.
速檀馬哈木
محمود خان
1487–1508 C.E.
速檀阿黑麻
احمد الاچ
1487–1503 C.E.
速檀滿速兒
منصور خان
1503–1508 C.E.
速檀滿速兒
منصور خان
1508–1514 C.E.
賽德
سلطان سعید خان
1514–1533 C.E.
速檀滿速兒
منصور خان
1514–1548 C.E.
拉失德
عبد الرشید خان
1533–1560 C.E.
沙汗
شاہ خان
1543–1560 C.E.
阿不都哈林
عبد الکریم خان
1560-1591 C.E.
馬速
محمد خان ابن منصور خان
1570 C.E.
Sultan Sa'id Khan after defeating Mirza Abu Bakr Dughlat established the Altishaher or union of 6 cities, a much reduced western half of Moghulistan. By this time the western half was referred to as Kashgaria and eastern half was referred to as Uyghurstan. During the reign of Abdur-Rashid Khan a certain Naqshbandi Sufi teacher Ahmad Kasan (1462–1542), known as Makhdum-i-Azam (the Great Master) came to Kashgar from Samarkand. His descendants, known as Makhdum Zadas and bearing title "Khoja", would play an important role in the history of the region from 16th–19th centuries. Makhdum's eldest son Muhammad Amin's (d.1598), son Muhammad Yūsuf settled in Kashgar and his son Khoja Hidayatullah better known as Afaq Khoja became the founder of the Afaqiya Sufi order (tariqa), and his followers became known as the Aq Taghliks, those of the "White Mountains", because of their close approximation to Tangri Tagh (Tian Shan). Makhdum's second son, Muhammad Ishaq Wali (d.1599), founder of Ishaqiya Sufi order, with his followers established themselves in Yarkand and became known as the Qara Taghliks, those of the "Black Mountains", because of their close approximation to the Pamir, Karakoram and Kunlun. The Kashgaria region gradually devolved into small city states with the Khojas as rivals post 1570 C.E.

葉爾羌汗國可汗

葉爾羌國後代歸附 和卓,一個受到蒙古準噶爾部影響的維吾爾人聯盟。

吐魯番汗國速檀(蘇丹)

葉爾羌汗國吞併

外部連結

註解

參見

參考資料