欖香烯
欖香烯（英語：Elemene），又稱橄烯，是一類結構相關的天然倍半萜的總稱，化學式：C15H24，分為α-、β-、γ-和δ-四種異構體。其可知在許多植物中找到，是構成花香氣味的物質[1][2][3] 。同時也是一些昆蟲的信息素[4]
| 欖香烯 | |||
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| IUPAC名 左上(+)-α: (S)-1-Isopropyl-6-methyl-3-(propan-2-ylidene)-6-vinylcyclohex-1-ene 右上(−)-β: (1S,2S,4R)-1-Methyl-2,4-di(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1-vinylcyclohexane 左下(−)-γ: (3R,4R)-1-Isopropyl-4-methyl-3-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-4-vinylcyclohex-1-ene 右下(−)-δ: (3R,4R)-1-Isopropyl-4-methyl-3-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-4-vinylcyclohex-1-ene | |||
| 別名 | 欖烯 | ||
| 識別 | |||
| CAS號 | 11029-06-4（(unspecified isomer)）  5951-67-7（((+)-α)） 33880-83-0（((±)-β)） 515-13-9（((−)-β)） 29873-99-2（((−)-γ)） 20307-84-0（((−)-δ)）
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| PubChem | 80048（(α)） 6918391（(β)） | ||
| SMILES |
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| 性質 | |||
| 化學式 | C15H24 | ||
| 摩爾質量 | 204.35 g·mol−1 | ||
| 若非註明，所有數據均出自標準狀態（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。 | |||
應用
β-欖香烯因其在不同的草藥中都存在而受到研究者關注，如鬱金（學名：Curcuma wenyujin）中存在β-欖香烯[5]。體外研究表明，β-欖香烯對Rho激酶有抑制作用[6]， 對一些癌細胞類型有抗增殖作用[7][8][9][10]，是一種潛在的化療藥物。β-欖香烯已經在中國進行了臨床試驗並報導了其對癌症治療的益處，並且β-欖香烯的脂質體注射和口服乳劑已被中國食品藥品監督管理局批准為用於治療各種癌症的輔助治療[11] 。但是西方學者對β-欖香烯的治療效果和安全性持懷疑態度，臨床試驗僅在小範圍內展開[12]。2023年美國紀念斯隆-凱特琳癌症中心表示："目前為止進行的人體試驗質量很差"[13]。考科藍合作組織根據現有的研究論文給出評價："沒有任何對照實驗證據來證實或證偽欖香烯對肺癌的治療效果"[14]。
參考文獻
- ^ Floral Compound: alpha-elemene. Pherobase.com. [2024-07-02]. （原始內容存檔於2023-12-31）.
- ^ Floral Compound: delta-elemene. Pherobase.com. [2024-07-02]. （原始內容存檔於2023-12-31）.
- ^ Floral Compound: gamma-elemene. Pherobase.com. [2024-07-02]. （原始內容存檔於2023-12-31）.
- ^ Semiochemical: beta-elemene. Pherobase.com. [2024-07-02]. （原始內容存檔於2023-12-31）.
- ^ Xie Q, Li F, Fang L, Liu W, Gu C. The Antitumor Efficacy of β-Elemene by Changing Tumor Inflammatory Environment and Tumor Microenvironment. BioMed Research International. 2020, 2020: 6892961. PMC 7054771
. PMID 32149121. doi:10.1155/2020/6892961 .
- ^ Wang J, Li H, Yao Y, Ren Y, Lin J, Hu J, et al. β-Elemene Enhances GAP-43 Expression and Neurite Outgrowth by Inhibiting RhoA Kinase Activation in Rats with Spinal Cord Injury. Neuroscience. July 2018, 383: 12–21. PMID 29751054. S2CID 21735344. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.04.045.
- ^ Zhu T, Xu Y, Dong B, Zhang J, Wei Z, Xu Y, Yao Y. β-elemene inhibits proliferation of human glioblastoma cells through the activation of glia maturation factor β and induces sensitization to cisplatin. Oncology Reports. August 2011, 26 (2): 405–13. PMID 21519795. doi:10.3892/or.2011.1276 .
- ^ Yao YQ, Ding X, Jia YC, Huang CX, Wang YZ, Xu YH. Anti-tumor effect of beta-elemene in glioblastoma cells depends on p38 MAPK activation. Cancer Letters. June 2008, 264 (1): 127–34. PMID 18442668. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2008.01.049.
- ^ Wang G, Li X, Huang F, Zhao J, Ding H, Cunningham C, et al. Antitumor effect of beta-elemene in non-small-cell lung cancer cells is mediated via induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. April 2005, 62 (7–8): 881–93. PMID 15868411. S2CID 34767648. doi:10.1007/s00018-005-5017-3.
- ^ Li X, Wang G, Zhao J, Ding H, Cunningham C, Chen F, et al. Antiproliferative effect of beta-elemene in chemoresistant ovarian carcinoma cells is mediated through arrest of the cell cycle at the G2-M phase. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. April 2005, 62 (7–8): 894–904. PMID 15868412. S2CID 20587371. doi:10.1007/s00018-005-5027-1.
- ^ Zhai B, Zeng Y, Zeng Z, Zhang N, Li C, Zeng Y, et al. Drug delivery systems for elemene, its main active ingredient β-elemene, and its derivatives in cancer therapy. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 2018, 13: 6279–6296. PMC 6186893 . PMID 30349250. doi:10.2147/IJN.S174527 .
- ^ Peng X, Zhao Y, Liang X, Wu L, Cui S, Guo A, Wang W. Assessing the quality of RCTs on the effect of beta-elemene, one ingredient of a Chinese herb, against malignant tumors. Contemporary Clinical Trials. February 2006, 27 (1): 70–82. PMID 16243588. doi:10.1016/j.cct.2005.07.002.
- ^ About Herbs, Botanicals & Other Products: Beta-elemene. Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center. 9 August 2023 [2024-07-02]. （原始內容存檔於2015-01-30）.
- ^ Peng X, Zhao Y, Liang X, Wu L, Cui S, Guo A, Wang W. Assessing the quality of RCTs on the effect of beta-elemene, one ingredient of a Chinese herb, against malignant tumors. Contemporary Clinical Trials. February 2006, 27 (1): 70–82. PMID 16243588. doi:10.1016/j.cct.2005.07.002.
