瓶水仙屬
瓶水仙屬(學名:Urceolina)也稱作壇水仙屬,是石蒜科的一個屬,原產南美洲和中美洲熱帶地區。[1]根據最近的分子系統發生學研究,雄蕊杯退化的狹義瓶水仙屬、號角水仙屬(學名:Caliphruria;除了C. korsakoffii之外)、龍鬚水仙(學名:Eucrosia dodsonii)以及雄蕊杯顯著的南美水仙屬(學名:Eucharis)應當合併成同一個屬。本屬許多物種在英文中俗稱亞馬孫百合(英語:Amazon lily)。
瓶水仙屬 | |
---|---|
瓶水仙 Urceolina urceolata | |
科學分類 | |
界: | 植物界 Plantae |
演化支: | 維管束植物 Tracheophyta |
演化支: | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
演化支: | 單子葉植物 Monocots |
目: | 天門冬目 Asparagales |
科: | 石蒜科 Amaryllidaceae |
亞科: | 石蒜亞科 Amaryllidoideae |
族: | 南美水仙族 Eucharideae |
屬: | 瓶水仙屬 Urceolina Rchb. |
模式種 | |
瓶水仙 Urceolina urceolata (Herb.) Herb.
| |
異名[1] | |
|
下屬物種
- 南美水仙 Urceolina amazonica (Linden ex Planch.) Christenh. & Byng (= Eucharis amazonica Linden ex Planch.)
- 星杯南美水仙 Urceolina astrophiala Ravenna (= Eucharis astrophiala (Ravenna) Ravenna)
- 阿亞庫喬瓶水仙 Urceolina ayacucensis Ravenna
- 側花南美水仙 Urceolina bakeriana (N.E.Br.) Traub (= Eucharis bakeriana N.E.Br.)
- 短柄南美水仙 Urceolina bonplandii (Kunth) Traub (= Eucharis bonplandii (Kunth) Traub)
- 中美水仙 Urceolina bouchei (Woodson & P.Allen) Traub (= Eucharis bouchei Woodson & P.Allen)
- 白花南美水仙 Urceolina candida (Planch. & Linden) Traub (= Eucharis candida Planch. & Linden)
- 小花南美水仙 Urceolina castelnaeana (Baill.) Traub (= Eucharis castelnaeana (Baill.) J.F.Macbr.)
- 考卡水仙 Urceolina caucana (Meerow) Christenh. & Byng (= Eucharis caucana Meerow)
- 棒蕊南美水仙 Urceolina corynandra Ravenna (= Eucharis corynandra (Ravenna) Ravenna)
- 庫斯科瓶水仙 Urceolina cuzcoensis Vargas
- 藍種南美水仙 Urceolina cyaneosperma (Meerow) Christenh. & Byng (= Eucharis cyaneosperma Meerow)
- 龍鬚水仙 Urceolina dodsonii (Meerow & Dehgan) Meerow (= Eucrosia dodsonii Meerow & Dehgan)
- 美麗南美水仙 Urceolina formosa (Meerow) Christenh. & Byng (= Eucharis formosa Meerow)
- 褐黃瓶水仙 Urceolina fulva Herb.
- 尖齒號角水仙 Urceolina hartwegiana (Herb.) Traub (= Caliphruria hartwegiana Herb.)
- 寬葉瓶水仙 Urceolina latifolia (Herb.) Benth. & Hook.f.
- 尖齒南美水仙 Urceolina lehmannii (Regel) Traub (= Eucharis lehmannii Regel)
- 細瓶水仙 Urceolina microcrater Kraenzl.
- 短葉南美水仙 Urceolina moorei (Baker) Christenh. & Byng (= Eucharis moorei (Baker) Meerow)
- 尖蕊南美水仙 Urceolina oxyandra Ravenna (= Eucharis oxyandra (Ravenna) Ravenna)
- 褶杯南美水仙 Urceolina plicata (Meerow) Christenh. & Byng (= Eucharis plicata Meerow)
- 假瓶水仙 Urceolina robledoana (Vargas) Traub
- 短柱南美水仙 Urceolina ruthiana (L.Jost, Oleas & Meerow) Christenh. & Byng (= Eucharis ruthiana L.Jost, Oleas & Meerow)
- 少花南美水仙 Urceolina sanderi (Baker) Traub (= Eucharis sanderi Baker)
- 號角水仙 Urceolina subedentata (Baker) Traub (= Caliphruria subedentata Baker)
- 軟花號角水仙 Urceolina tenera (Baker) Traub (= Caliphruria tenera Baker)
- 黑種南美水仙 Urceolina ulei (Kraenzl.) Traub (= Eucharis ulei Kraenzl.)
- 瓶水仙 Urceolina urceolata (Ruiz & Pav.) Asch. & Graebn.
雜交種
- Urceolina × butcheri (Traub) Traub (= × Calicharis butcheri (Traub) Meerow)
- Urceolina × clibranii (Mast.) Traub (= × Urceocharis clibranii Mast.)
- Urceolina × edentata (C.H.Wright) Traub (= × Urceocharis edentata C.H.Wright)
- 短杯南美水仙 Urceolina × grandiflora (Planch. & Linden) Traub (= Eucharis × grandiflora Planch. & Linden)
- Eucharis × stevensii hort. ex N.E.Br.[3]
栽培與用途
普遍栽培供觀賞的物種有南美水仙(學名:Urceolina amazonica)、短杯南美水仙(學名:Urceolina × grandiflora)、號角水仙(學名:Urceolina subedentata)等。[4]它通過去除偏移來繁殖,這可在春季完成,將它們單獨盆栽在15厘米的盆中。它需要肥沃的土壤和足夠的沙子來保持堆肥開放,並且應該有充足的水供應。它適合在夜間溫度為18°至20°C,白天升至25°C的環境。在夏季,換盆可以促進植物生長,但之後應將植物移至約15°C的夜間溫度,這可讓植物稍微休息一下。有時也可暫停澆水一段時間,但作為一個常綠植物,不得讓它乾燥太久。到年底,它們可能會再次獲得更多的熱量和更多的水分,這可能會促使它們開花。[4]有了較小的植物儲備,可以連續種植它們,就有可能全年開花。[4]
-
南美水仙 Urceolina amazonica
-
白花南美水仙 Urceolina candida
-
短杯南美水仙 Urceolina × grandiflora
-
號角水仙 Urceolina subedentata
參考資料
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Urceolina Rchb.. Plants of the World Online. Kew Science. [2023-06-23]. (原始內容存檔於2023-06-03).
- ^ Meerow, Alan W.; Gardner, Elliot M.; Nakamura, Kyoko. Phylogenomics of the Andean tetraploid clade of the American Amaryllidaceae (subfamily Amaryllidoideae): Unlocking a polyploid generic radiation abetted by continental geodynamics. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2020, 11. ISSN 1664-462X. doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.582422/full.
- ^ Brown, Nicholas Edward. New or Noteworthy Plants. The Gardeners' Chronicle, ser. 3. 1890-05-24, 7 (178): 640–641 [2023-07-12]. (原始內容存檔於2023-07-12).
- ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 公有領域出版物的文本: Chisholm, Hugh (編). Eucharis. Encyclopædia Britannica 9 (第11版). London: Cambridge University Press: 868. 1911. 此句或之前多句包含來自