頭暈
頭暈(dizziness)是一不精確術語,為主觀的感覺異常,可以指空間定向障礙、眩暈、暈厥前期、頭昏眼花、頭重腳輕的任何一種感覺[1],也可指平衡障礙[2],或其他非特異感(如:虛弱感、飄然感、痴傻感)[3]。
暈 Dizziness | |
---|---|
古文篆書中的「暈」字 | |
類型 | sensation disorder[*]、神經內科與生理學的症狀[*] |
分類和外部資源 | |
醫學專科 | 耳鼻喉科 |
ICD-11 | MB48 |
ICD-10 | R42 |
ICD-9-CM | 780.4 |
DiseasesDB | 17771 |
MedlinePlus | 003093 |
eMedicine | neuro/693 |
MeSH | D004244 |
分類
頭暈通常有四種主要的可能:
成因
很多疾病都會使一個人頭暈。事實上,頭暈可能是很多嚴重問題的前兆,例如:腦震盪或腦出血、癲癇和癲癇發作、驚厥、中風、腦膜炎、腦炎(又名大腦腫脹)。
然而這些成因大概可歸納為四大類(%百分比):[8]
機制
許多問題都可能導致頭暈,因為身體的許多部位都是身體能否維持平衡的必要條件(例如:內耳、眼睛、肌肉、骨骼、和中樞神經系統)。 [11]
常見的頭暈之生理因素:
盛行率
報告指出,大約20%~30%的人曾在前一年的某個時間點歷經頭暈。 [5]
參見
註解
參考資料
- ^ 醫學主題詞表(MeSH):Dizziness
- ^ Reeves AG, Swenson RS. Chapter 14: Evaluation of the Dizzy Patient. Disorders of the Nervous System: A Primer. Dartmouth Medical School. 2008 [2011-05-24]. (原始內容存檔於2011-09-02).
- ^ Branch Jr WT, Barton JJ. Approach to the patient with dizziness. UpToDate. February 10, 2011 [2017-07-11]. (原始內容存檔於2022-01-29).
- ^ 道蘭氏醫學詞典中的dizziness
- ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Neuhauser HK, Lempert T. Vertigo: epidemiologic aspects. Semin Neurol. November 2009, 29 (5): 473–81. PMID 19834858. doi:10.1055/s-0029-1241043.
- ^ Branch Jr WT, Barton JJ. Approach to the patient with dizziness. UpToDate. February 10, 2011 [2017-07-11]. (原始內容存檔於2022-01-29).
- ^ Post RE, Dickerson LM. Dizziness: a diagnostic approach. Am Fam Physician. August 2010, 82 (4): 361–8, 369. PMID 20704166.
- ^ 8.0 8.1 Chan Y. Differential diagnosis of dizziness. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. June 2009, 17 (3): 200–3. PMID 19365263. doi:10.1097/MOO.0b013e32832b2594.
- ^ Lawson, B. D., Rupert, A. H., & Kelley, A. M. (2013). Mental Disorders Comorbid with Vestibular Pathology. Psychiatric Annals, 43(7), 324.
- ^ Tusa RJ. Dizziness. Med. Clin. North Am. March 2009, 93 (2): 263–71, vii. PMID 19272508. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2008.09.005.
- ^ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 Dizziness and Vertigo. Merck Manual. 2009 [2017-07-11]. (原始內容存檔於2018-07-05).
- ^ Bronstein AM, Lempert T. Management of the patient with chronic dizziness. Restor. Neurol. Neurosci. 2010, 28 (1): 83–90. PMID 20086285. doi:10.3233/RNN-2010-0530.
- ^ O'Connor RE, Brady W, Brooks SC, et al. Part 10: acute coronary syndromes: 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation. November 2010, 122 (18 Suppl 3): S787–817 [2017-07-11]. PMID 20956226. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.971028. (原始內容存檔於2013-02-23).
- ^ Chu ECP; Chin WL. Cervicogenic dizziness. Oxford Medical Case Reports. 2019 Nov, 2019 (11): 476-478 [2020-01-03]. PMID 31844531. doi:10.1093/omcr/omz115. (原始內容存檔於2020-05-17).
- ^ Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and. Drug Safety and Availability - FDA Drug Safety Communication: Low magnesium levels can be associated with long-term use of Proton Pump Inhibitor drugs (PPIs). www.fda.gov. [2017-07-11]. (原始內容存檔於2019-04-24).
- ^ Common Side Effects of Coumadin (Warfarin Sodium) Drug Center - RxList. [2017-07-11]. (原始內容存檔於2012-09-21).
外部連結
- Dizzytimes.com (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) Online Community for Sufferers of Vertigo and Dizziness
- Dysautonomia Youth Network of America, Inc. (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- 頭暈目眩病因多 楊智超醫師-國立臺灣大學醫學院附設醫院 (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)