魯伯特·布魯克
魯伯特·喬納·布魯克(Rupert Chawner Brooke 1887年8月3日—1915年4月23日)是一名英格蘭詩人,以一戰時期寫作的十四行詩如《士兵》(The Soldier)知名。此外,他也以英俊的外貌知名,葉芝曾說他是「英格蘭最英俊的青年」[1][2]。1985年11月11日,他在詩人角留名。
Rupert Brooke | |
---|---|
出生 | Rupert Chawner Brooke 1887年8月3日 英格蘭華威郡拉格比 |
逝世 | 1915年4月23日 希臘斯基羅斯 | (27歲)
死因 | 敗血症 |
墓地 | 希臘斯基羅斯 |
教育程度 | |
職業 | 詩人 |
雇主 | Sidgwick & Jackson |
簽名 | |
生平
他出生於英格蘭華威郡拉格比[3][4],曾就讀於拉格比公學,1907年10月就讀劍橋大學國王學院,成為劍橋使徒的一員。他和布盧姆茨伯里派成員關係很好,不過他自己則算是喬治時期詩人(Georgian poets)的一員。1913年3月,他成為劍橋大學國王學院Fellow。
他自1912年受自己的雙性戀傾向所困[5],導致他和凱薩琳·萊爾德·科克斯分手[6]。隨後前往美國和加拿大散心,在《西敏公報》上出版過旅行日記。
他在1914年8月入伍,成為英國皇家海軍後備隊中尉,曾參與安特衛普圍城戰。他在《泰晤士報文學增刊》上發表兩篇十四行詩《死亡》(The Dead)和《士兵》(The Soldier)開始出名,在1915年2月28日隨地中海遠征軍出征,但罹患敗血病。他做了兩場手術,但最終在4月23日下午4:46於停靠在希臘斯基羅斯的法國醫院船「Duguay-Trouin」號上去世,葬於當地的一個橄欖園中[7][8],埋葬地由他的朋友威廉·丹尼斯·布朗選定[9]。
參考文獻
- ^ Friends and Apostles. The Correspondence of Rupert Brooke and James Strachey, 1905–1914. The New York Times. 1998 [6 December 2011]. (原始內容存檔於2016-03-04).
- ^ Nigel Jones. Rupert Brooke: Life, Death & Myth (London: Richard Cohen Books, 1999), pp.110, 304. Rupert Brooke: Life, Death & Myth. 30 September 1999.
- ^ Poet Brooke's birthplace for sale. BBC News. 21 August 2007 [8 August 2008]. (原始內容存檔於2022-07-30).
- ^ Committee Agenda Item: Borough Development – 16/09/2003. Item 15. Rugby Borough Council. 16 September 2003 [6 December 2011]. (原始內容存檔於27 February 2015).
- ^ St. Sukie de la Croix. Chicago Whispers: A History of LGBT Chicago before Stonewall (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館). University of Wisconsin Press, 2012, p.36.
- ^ Caesar, Adrian. Brooke, Rupert Chawner (1887–1915) . 《牛津國家人物傳記大辭典》 線上版. 牛津大學出版社. 2004 [12 January 2008]. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/32093. 需要訂閱或英國公共圖書館會員資格
- ^ Royal Naval Division service record (extract). The National Archives. [11 November 2007]. (原始內容存檔於2011-02-03).
- ^ Royal Naval Division service record (extract). The National Archives. [11 November 2007]. (原始內容存檔於2012-06-11).
- ^ Blevins, Pamela. William Denis Browne (1888–1915). Musicweb International. 2000 [9 November 2007]. (原始內容存檔於2018-06-12).
- Jones, Nigel. Rupert Brooke: Life, Death and Myth. Head of Zeus. 2014 [1999 Metro Books] [2021-11-20]. ISBN 978-1-78185-715-1. (原始內容存檔於2020-06-11).
- Brooke, Rupert, Letters From America with a Preface by Henry James (London: Sidgwick & Jackson, Ltd, 1916; repr. 1947).
- Dawson, Jill, The Great Lover (London: Sceptre, 1990). A historical novel about Brooke and his relationship with a Tahitian woman, Taatamata, in 1913–14 and with Nell Golightly a maid where he was living.
- Delany, Paul. "Fatal Glamour: the Life of Rupert Brooke." (Montreal: McGillQueens UP, 2015).
- Halliburton, Richard, The Glorious Adventure (New York and Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1927). Traveller/travel writer Halliburton, in recreating Odysseus' adventures, visits the grave of Brooke on the Greek island of Skyros.
- Keith Hale, ed. Friends and Apostles: The Correspondence of Rupert Brooke-James Strachey, 1905–1914.
- Gerry Max, Horizon Chasers – The Lives and Adventures of Richard Halliburton and Paul Mooney (McFarland, c2007). References are made to the poet throughout. Quoted, p. 11.
- Gerry Max, "'When Youth Kept Open House' – Richard Halliburton and Thomas Wolfe", North Carolina Literary Review, 1996, Issue Number 5. Two early 20th century writers and their debt to the poet.
- Moran, Sean Farrell, "Patrick Pearse and the European Revolt Against Reason", The Journal of the History of Ideas,50,4,423-66
- Morley, Christopher, "Rupert Brooke" in Shandygaff – A number of most agreeable Inquirendoes upon Life & Letters, interspersed with Short Stories & Skits, the Whole Most Diverting to the Reader (New York: Garden City Publishing Company, 1918), pp. 58–71. An important early reminiscence and appraisal by famed essayist and novelist Morley.
- Sellers Leonard. The Hood Battalion - Royal Naval Division. Leo Cooper, Pen & Sword Books Ltd. 1995, Select Edition 2003 ISBN 978-1-84468-008-5 - Rupert Brooke was an officer of Hood Battalion, 2nd Brigade, Royal Naval Division.
- Arthur Stringer. Red Wine of Youth—A Biography of Rupert Brooke (New York: Bobbs-Merrill, 1952). Partly based on extensive correspondence between American travel writer Richard Halliburton and the literary and salon figures who had known Brooke.
- Christopher Hassall. "Rupert Brooke: A Biography" (Faber and Faber 1964)
- Sir Geoffrey Keynes, ed. "The Letters of Rupert Brooke" (Faber and Faber 1968)
- Colin Wilson. "Poetry & Mysticism" (City Lights Books 1969). Contains a chapter about Rupert Brooke.
- John Lehmann. "Rupert Brooke: His Life and His Legend" (George Weidenfeld & Nicolson Ltd 1980)
- Paul Delany. "The Neo-Pagans: Friendship and Love in the Rupert Brooke Circle" (Macmillan 1987)
- Mike Read. "Forever England: The Life of Rupert Brooke" (Mainstream Publishing Company Ltd 1997)
- Timothy Rogers. "Rupert Brooke: A Reappraisal and Selection" (Routledge, 1971)
- Robert Scoble. The Corvo Cult: The History of an Obsession (Strange Attractor, 2014)
- Christian Soleil. "Rupert Brooke: Sous un ciel anglais" (Edifree, France, 2009)
- Christian Soleil. "Rupert Brooke: L'Ange foudroyé" (Monpetitediteur, France, 2011)
外部連結
- Rupert Brooke Society (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- Rupert Brooke on Skyros (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- Schroder Collection (Rupert Brooke), Cambridge University Digital Library (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館), digitised correspondence etc. between Brooke, Edward Marsh, and William Denis Browne
- Rupert Brooke profile and poems on Poets.org (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- Rupert Brooke on Poemist (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- Rupert Brooke的作品 - 古騰堡計劃
- 網際網路檔案館中魯伯特·布魯克的作品或與之相關的作品
- 來自魯伯特·布魯克的LibriVox公共領域有聲讀物
- Bartleby.com (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) – Collected Poems
- Rupert Brooke at the Commonwealth War Graves Commission database (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- Rupert Brooke Correspondence and Writings (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) at Dartmouth College Library