白嘴潜鸟
黄嘴潜鸟(台湾作白嘴潛鳥)(学名:Gavia adamsii),是潜鸟科中体型最大的一种,体长77-100厘米,平均体重为5.3公斤,翼展为135-160厘米。
白嘴潜鸟 | |
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攝於阿拉斯加 | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
纲: | 鸟纲 Aves |
目: | 潛鳥目 Gaviiformes |
科: | 潛鳥科 Gaviidae |
属: | 潛鳥屬 Gavia |
种: | 白嘴潜鸟 G. adamsii
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二名法 | |
Gavia adamsii (Gray, 1859)
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分布範圍 繁殖分布 冬季分布
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体貌
嘴上扬,上颚有浅色中线,头较上身色浅。有白色颈环。头和身体呈流线型,有利于潜水捕鱼,在岸上则十分笨拙。虹膜呈红色;嘴呈象牙色;脚呈黑色。叫声似哭又似笑。在海上无声,但在繁殖地会发出假声的尖叫。
黄嘴潜鸟体重约4944.34克,翼长约371.4毫米,嘴峰长约104.8毫米,喙宽度约10.4毫米,喙厚度约24.1毫米,跗蹠长约84.6毫米,尾长约60.8毫米。黄嘴潜鸟是候鸟,其栖息在开放的湖泊、沼泽等湿地环境中,食性为肉食性,主要食物来源是水生动物。[2]
习性
单独于淡水区域繁殖,常以水边低矮植物材料筑巢。在沿海水域过冬。白嘴潜鸟性警惕,即便睡觉时脚也在划水,眼睛睁开一条缝。[3]
生态环境
生活在水中,可以潜入深水中捕捉鱼类。
分布地域
參考
- BirdLife International. Gavia adamsii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004. [2007年3月10日].
- Gavia adamsii. ITIS.
- 四川鸟类新记录:http://www.cqvip.com/Read/Read.aspx?id=1000027123
- Reproductive behavior of the Yellow-billed Loon, Gavia adamsii:http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/1367094?uid=3737800&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21101313438627
- Yellow-billed loon, Gavia adamsii , breeding chronology and reproductive success in arctic Alaska: http://md1.csa.com/partners/viewrecord.php?requester=gs&collection=ENV&recid=1904184&q=Gavia+adamsii&uid=792138883&setcookie=yes[永久失效連結]
- A landscape-scale model of yellow-billed loon (Gavia adamsii) habitat preferences in northern alaska:http://www.springerlink.com/content/a277141584w8g327/fulltext.pdf[永久失效連結]
- Hybrids in divers (Gaviiformes): http://www.springerlink.com/content/mgul2pl527131245/fulltext.pdf[永久失效連結]
- Feeding Schedule and Daily Food Consumption in Red-Throated Loons (Gavia stellata) over the Prefledging Period:http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/4086613?uid=3737800&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21101313438627
- Nesting Activity of Yellow-Billed Loons on the Colville River Delta, Alaska, after the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill: http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/4163290?uid=3737800&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21101313438627
- Wintering Behavior of Common Loons: http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/4085460?uid=3737800&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21101313438627
- ^ Gavia adamsii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012. [26 November 2013].
- ^ Tobias, J. A.; Sheard, C.; Pigot, A. L.; Devenish, A. J. M.; Yang, J.; Sayol, F.; Neate‐Clegg, M. H. C.; Alioravainen, N.; Weeks, T. L.; Barber, R. A.; Walkden, P. A. AVONET: Morphological, Ecological and Geographical Data for all Birds. Ecology Letters. 2022, 25 (3) [2022-08-19]. ISSN 1461-023X. doi:10.1111/ele.13898. (原始内容存档于2022-08-07) (英语).
- ^ 视频:http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMjk1MzM5OTM2.html