臀位分娩

臀位分娩
臀位分娩
	1754年伸腿臀位（Frank breech）的圖
分类和外部资源
醫學專科	產科學, 接生員
ICD-11	JB04.1
ICD-10	O32.1、O64.1、O83.0
DiseasesDB	1631
MedlinePlus	002060
eMedicine	262159、797690
	[编辑此条目的维基数据]

臀位分娩，古稱寤生^[1]，是指婴儿出生时其臀部朝外，而不是正常头部朝外的狀況。^[2]大约3-5%的孕妇的小孩出生時會臀位朝外。 ^[3]

這種婴儿的并发症发生率高于平均水平。 ^[4]所以大多数臀位朝外的婴儿都是通过剖宫产分娩的，因为人们认为剖宫产比陰道分娩更安全。^[3]而且在发展中国家，當孕婦陰道分娩臀部朝外的嬰兒時，許多医生和接生員往往無法順利協助孕婦產下嬰兒。^[3]此外同樣在发展中国家，通过剖宫产產下臀部朝外的婴儿也未必十分順利。 ^[5]其他哺乳动物中也有臀位分娩這一情況。

知名人物

以下人物是有記載出生時寤生的知名人物：

鄭莊公，中國春秋時代鄭國國君，他並以此得名
威廉二世 (德国)，末代德意志皇帝兼普鲁士国王
尼祿，羅馬帝國皇帝^[6]
法蘭·仙納杜拉，美國歌手^[7]
博徹思，美國律師^[8]
比利·喬，美國歌手、鋼琴演奏家、唱作人^[9]
傑瑞·李·劉易斯，美國唱作人、音樂人、鋼琴家^[10]
布雷特·麥可斯，毒藥樂隊主唱人，美國歌手、電影演員、電視演員^[11]
泰妲·歐尼爾，美國演員^[12]
法蘭克·扎帕，美國作曲家、創作歌手、電吉他手、唱片製作人、電影導演^[13]

参考文献

^ 辭典檢視[寤生: ㄨˋ ㄕㄥ]. 教育部重編國語辭典修訂本. 中華民國教育部. [2023-12-12]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-12）.
^ Breech birth: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. medlineplus.gov. [2020-10-29]. （原始内容存档于2023-11-18）（英语）.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Hofmeyr, GJ; Hannah, M; Lawrie, TA. Planned caesarean section for term breech delivery.. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 21 July 2015, 7 (7): CD000166. PMC 6505736  . PMID 26196961. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000166.pub2.
^ Hutton, EK; Hofmeyr, GJ; Dowswell, T. External cephalic version for breech presentation before term.. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 29 July 2015, 2015 (7): CD000084. PMC 9188447  . PMID 26222245. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000084.pub3.
^ Conde-Agudelo, A. Planned caesarean section for term breech delivery: RHL commentary (last revised: 8 September 2003). The WHO Reproductive Health Library. Geneva: World Health Organization. [19 February 2016]. （原始内容存档于March 1, 2016）.
^ Geffcken, Katherine A.; Dickison, Sheila Kathryn; Hallett, Judith P. Rome and Her Monuments: Essays on the City and Literature of Rome in Honor of Katherine A. Geffcken. Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers. 2000: 496. ISBN 9780865164574.
^ Santopietro, Tom. Sinatra in Hollywood. Macmillan. 10 Nov 2009: 12. ISBN 9781429964746.
^ Wilgoren, Jodi. From a Radical Background, A Rhodes Scholar Emerges. New York Times. 9 December 2002 [3 February 2015]. （原始内容存档于2024-03-12）.
^ Andrew Goldman. Billy Joel on not working, not giving up drinking and not caring what Elton John says about any of it. New York Times Magazine: 34. 26 May 2013 [2 February 2015]. （原始内容存档于2024-03-04）. Joel attributes the need for double hip replacement surgery to "probably being born with dysplasia." He explains that he was a breech baby and that forceps may have displaced his hips.
^ McKennain, Mike. Great balls of wax. 26 February 2010 [3 February 2015]. （原始内容存档于2023-11-18）. Allegedly said, "I was born feet first, and I've been jumpin' ever since."
^ Ellis, Christine. Music for your soul. His website. Bret Michaels. 15 April 2012 [3 February 2015]. （原始内容存档于22 April 2016）.
^ O'Neal, Tatum. A Paper Life . HarperCollins. 4 Oct 2005: 14. ISBN 9780060751029. i was born breech.
^ Miles, Barry. Zappa . Grove Press. 2004: 5. was born breech.

[1] 辭典檢視[寤生: ㄨˋ ㄕㄥ]. 教育部重編國語辭典修訂本. 中華民國教育部. [2023-12-12]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-12）.

[2] Breech birth: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. medlineplus.gov. [2020-10-29]. （原始内容存档于2023-11-18）（英语）.

[Hof2015-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Hofmeyr, GJ; Hannah, M; Lawrie, TA. Planned caesarean section for term breech delivery.. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 21 July 2015, 7 (7): CD000166. PMC 6505736  . PMID 26196961. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000166.pub2.

[ReferenceC-4] Hutton, EK; Hofmeyr, GJ; Dowswell, T. External cephalic version for breech presentation before term.. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 29 July 2015, 2015 (7): CD000084. PMC 9188447  . PMID 26222245. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000084.pub3.

[:0-5] Conde-Agudelo, A. Planned caesarean section for term breech delivery: RHL commentary (last revised: 8 September 2003). The WHO Reproductive Health Library. Geneva: World Health Organization. [19 February 2016]. （原始内容存档于March 1, 2016）.

[Nero-6] Geffcken, Katherine A.; Dickison, Sheila Kathryn; Hallett, Judith P. Rome and Her Monuments: Essays on the City and Literature of Rome in Honor of Katherine A. Geffcken. Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers. 2000: 496. ISBN 9780865164574.

[Sinatra-7] Santopietro, Tom. Sinatra in Hollywood. Macmillan. 10 Nov 2009: 12. ISBN 9781429964746.

[Boudin-8] Wilgoren, Jodi. From a Radical Background, A Rhodes Scholar Emerges. New York Times. 9 December 2002 [3 February 2015]. （原始内容存档于2024-03-12）.

[Joel-9] Andrew Goldman. Billy Joel on not working, not giving up drinking and not caring what Elton John says about any of it. New York Times Magazine: 34. 26 May 2013 [2 February 2015]. （原始内容存档于2024-03-04）. Joel attributes the need for double hip replacement surgery to "probably being born with dysplasia." He explains that he was a breech baby and that forceps may have displaced his hips.

[Lewis-10] McKennain, Mike. Great balls of wax. 26 February 2010 [3 February 2015]. （原始内容存档于2023-11-18）. Allegedly said, "I was born feet first, and I've been jumpin' ever since."

[Michaels-11] Ellis, Christine. Music for your soul. His website. Bret Michaels. 15 April 2012 [3 February 2015]. （原始内容存档于22 April 2016）.

[Oneal-12] O'Neal, Tatum. A Paper Life . HarperCollins. 4 Oct 2005: 14. ISBN 9780060751029. i was born breech.

[Zappa-13] Miles, Barry. Zappa . Grove Press. 2004: 5. was born breech.

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