无国家民族
在任何国家都不占主要族裔的民族
此条目可能包含原创研究。 (2023年10月1日) |
无国家民族[1](英语:Stateless nation),又称没有国家的民族,是指在任何国家都不是多数族裔的族群或民族。该词汇是一个领土收复主义用词,意指该民族应该拥有以其为主体民族的国家。符合这一定义的民族可能分布在多个主权国家境内,也可能仅在某一个国家的部分地区聚居,他们可能拥有其所在国家的国籍,也可能被其所在国家剥夺公民权。部分该类民族在历史上曾建立过国家,或曾拥有实际上独立的政权,也有很多从未建立过独立政权。许多没有国家的民族都遭到歧视,甚至是种族清洗,也引发战争和分裂主义运动。一些没有国家的民族现在已经成为民族国家(如南斯拉夫解体后形成的各国家)。
部分无国家民族实例
其他
中国大陆境内许多有独立语言/文字的少数民族均没有本民族的民族国家,如分布于东北的满族、赫哲族、鄂伦春族、鄂温克族,西南的哈尼族、壮族、彝族、白族、瑶族、布依族、黎族等。
中华民国亦有台湾原住民族,现今主要位于台湾本岛东部、西部山区以及兰屿,并由官方划定为原住民族地区(简称原乡),原住民族则享有自治权。根据《原住民身份法》登记之户口统计至少约57万多人口(2019年11月),占台湾人口的2.38%。
参见
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外部链接
- 欧洲没有国家的民族地图,欧洲少数民族利益团体发布
- 联合国在民族或族裔、宗教和语言上属于少数群体的人的权利宣言 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)