使用者:農業學大寨/沙盒
餓
| 聯合國安全理事會 第1160號決議 | |
|---|---|
 科索沃在前南斯拉夫的位置 | |
| 日期 | 1998年3月31日 |
| 會議 | 3,868 |
| 編號 | S/RES/1160（文件） |
| 主題 | 科索沃局勢 |
投票 | 14票贊成 0票反對 1票棄權 |
| 結果 | 通過 |
| 安全理事會理事國 | |
常任理事國 | |
非常任理事國 | |
聯合國安全理事會第1160號決議是聯合國安理會於1998年3月31日獲一致通過的一項有關科索沃局勢的決議。
a
注意到科索沃當地的形勢，安理會根據《聯合國憲章》第七章採取行動，決定對南斯拉夫聯盟共和國採取武器禁運和經濟制裁，以期南斯拉夫政府停止過度使用暴力。
一些國家建議對包括科索沃在內的塞爾維亞和黑山實行全面武器禁運。安全理事會譴責塞爾維亞警察對和平示威者施暴及科解的恐怖行為。
安理會敦促南斯拉夫尋求政治解決衝突的道路，亦呼籲科索沃的阿爾巴尼亞人譴責任何形式的恐怖主義，和平滿足自身訴求。安理會聲明，若要避免衝突進一步惡化，除有意義地給予科索沃阿族人自決、自治等政治進程的願景外，別無他法。
安理會根據《聯合國憲章》第七章採取行動，對塞爾維亞和黑山實行武器禁運，並成立了一個委員會，以監督禁運執行、提議改進。
如果在秘書長科菲·安南，歐洲安全與合作組織，聯絡小組和歐洲聯盟的報告中指出，塞爾維亞和黑山已開始對話，撤出其警察部隊，允許進入，將對這些措施進行修訂。向人道主義援助機構提供援助，並接受歐安組織和聯合國難民事務高級專員到該地區的接受訪問。[2]
安全理事會注意到其第1160號決議所列的各項條件已經得到滿足，還注意到沿科索沃行政邊界和南斯拉夫聯盟共和國部分邊界嚴峻的安全局勢，同時強調秘書長的特別代表繼續有權控制軍火流入科索沃。秘書長科菲·安南指出，南聯盟已經允許人道主義組織與聯合國人權事務高級專員進入科索沃。[1]
安理會根據《聯合國憲章》第七章採取行動，決定終止武器禁運並解散負責監督制裁的安全委員會。[2]
拓展
參考文獻
- ^ Associated Press. Security Council lifts arms embargo on Yugoslavia. USA Today. 10 September 2001.
- ^ Gowlland-Debbas, Vera; Tehindrazanarivelo, Djacoba Liva. National implementation of United Nations sanctions: a comparative study. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. 2004: 10. ISBN 978-90-04-14090-5.
外部連結
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Membership
There are currently 38 Members (countries), 4 Associate Members, and 137 Affiliate Members in the APT. Any member of the ESCAP which is within the region is to be part of the APT while to be an associate member, any territory, part or group of territories within the region which is an associate member of ESCAP is eligible.[1] Associate members are highlighted in green. A state becomes a member of APT by ratifying the founding treaty, the Constitution of the Asia-Pacific Telecommunity.
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Objective
The objective of the Telecommunity shall be to foster the development of telecommunication services and information infrastructure throughout the region with a particular focus on the expansion thereof in less developed areas.
In furtherance thereof, the Telecommunity may:
- Promote the expansion of telecommunication services and information infrastructure and the maximization of the benefits of information and telecommunications technology for the welfare of the people in the region;
- Develop regional cooperation in areas of common interest, including radio communications and standards development;
- Undertake studies relating to developments in telecommunication and information infrastructure technology and policy and regulation in coordination with other international organizations, where pertinent;
- Encourage technology transfer, human resource development and the exchange of information for the balanced development of telecommunication services and information infrastructure within the region; and
- Facilitate coordination within the region with regard to major issues pertaining to telecommunication services and information infrastructure with a view to strengthening the region’s international position.
Structure
The APT has three major functioning organs: the General Assembly, Management Committee, and General Secretariat. The General Assembly consists of the President and the Vice Presidents; the Management Committee consists of the Chairman and the Vice Chairmen; the General Secretariat consists of the Secretary General, the Deputy Secretary General and other professional staff.
The APT is divided into five sectors each managing different aspects of the matter handled by the Telecommunity. These sectors are Policy and Regulations (PRF), Radiocommunication (RF), Standardization, Human Resource Development (HRD), and ICT Development (APTICT).
Leadership
The APT is headed by a Secretary General who is elected to a three-year term by the Member States at the General Assembly.
Chief Executives
Loqman Husain (T.Q.A)
Boonchoo Phienpanji- Chao Thongma
Hiroyasu Sonoki
Jong Soon Lee
Amarendra Narayan- Toshiyuki Yamada
- Areewan Haorangsi
See also
參考資料
- ^ How to become a member Asia-Pacific Telecommunity. Retrieved on 2017-05-01.
外部連結
df
銀氨溶液在組織病理解剖的豐塔納-馬森法(英語：Fontana-Masson Stain)中被用來檢測組織切片裡的脂褐素、黑色素和嗜銀細胞。黑色素和嗜鉻細胞會把硝酸銀還原成金屬銀。[1]
鍍銀
銀氨溶液也被用作在玻璃器具上鍍銀，如在真空保溫瓶的內膽上塗銀層。所用還原劑是帶醛基的葡萄糖，要想鍍銀效果良好，需先清潔玻璃器具。為加快金屬銀的沉澱速度，沉澱對象玻璃需要先在穩定的氯化亞錫的鹽酸溶液中預處理。[2]
在要儘可能高質量的鏡面上——如望遠鏡的主鏡，用氯化亞錫鍍銀就會產生納米級的凹凸，並降低鏡面的反射效果。[3][4]給主鏡鍍銀需要加添加劑，如使用馬丁法(英語：Martin's Method)，添加含酒石酸和酒精的添加劑。
- ^ Webpath website http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/HISTHTML/MANUALS/FONTANA.PDF Accessed 4 February 2009
- ^ Hart, M. Manual of scientific glassblowing. St. Helens, Merseyside [England]: British Society of Scientific Glassblowers. 1992. ISBN 0-9518216-0-1.
- ^ N. Chitvoranund1; S. Jiemsirilers; D.P. Kashima. Effects of surface treatments on adhesion of silver film on glass substrate fabricated by electroless plating. Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society. 2013, 49: 62–69.
- ^ C. Heber D. Methods of Silvering Mirrors. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Feb 1911, 23 (135): 15–19. Bibcode:1911PASP...23...13C. doi:10.1086/122040.