維基百科

伊斯坦堡機場

土耳其伊斯坦堡的國際機場
關於其他伊斯坦堡的機場，請見「伊斯坦堡機場 (消歧義)」。

伊斯坦堡機場（土耳其語：İstanbul Havalimanı，英語：Istanbul Airport；IATA代碼：IST；ICAO代碼：LTFM），原稱伊斯坦堡新機場（土耳其語：İstanbul Yeni Havalimanı，英語：Istanbul New Airport），是土耳其最大城市伊斯坦堡主要的聯外國際機場，亦是來往歐洲、亞洲及非州的重要航空中轉站之一，位於伊斯坦堡歐洲一方中北部的阿爾納武特柯伊（英語：Arnavutköy (district)）（Arnavutköy），於2018年10月29日土耳其國慶日局部啟用。2019年4月6日起，所有原伊斯坦堡阿塔圖克機場的客運航班轉移至該機場作業。

伊斯坦堡機場
Istanbul Airport

İstanbul Havalimanı
概覽
機場類型民用
所有者土耳其國家機場總局 (DHMİ)（英語：General Directorate of State Airports）
營運者IGA (Istanbul Grand Airport) Havalimanı İşletmesi A.Ş.（英語：S.A. (corporation)）
服務城市 土耳其伊斯坦堡
地理位置伊斯坦堡阿爾納武特柯伊區（英語：Arnavutköy (district)）
啟用日期
  • 2018年10月29日，​6年前​（2018-10-29） (開幕典禮)[1]
  • 2019年4月6日，​5年前​（2019-04-06） (旅客營運開始)
  • 2022年2月5日，​2年前​（2022-02-05） (貨運服務開始)
樞紐航空公司
建造日期2014 – 2018
時區TRT（UTC+03:00）
海拔高度99米（325呎）
座標41°15′44″N 28°43′40″E / 41.26222°N 28.72778°E / 41.26222; 28.72778
網址www.istairport.com 編輯維基數據鏈接
地圖
伊斯坦堡機場 Istanbul Airport在伊斯坦堡的位置
伊斯坦堡機場 Istanbul Airport
伊斯坦堡機場
Istanbul Airport
Location of airport
伊斯坦堡機場 Istanbul Airport在土耳其的位置
伊斯坦堡機場 Istanbul Airport
伊斯坦堡機場
Istanbul Airport
伊斯坦堡機場
Istanbul Airport (土耳其)
伊斯坦堡機場 Istanbul Airport在歐洲的位置
伊斯坦堡機場 Istanbul Airport
伊斯坦堡機場
Istanbul Airport
伊斯坦堡機場
Istanbul Airport (歐洲)
伊斯坦堡機場 Istanbul Airport在北大西洋的位置
伊斯坦堡機場 Istanbul Airport
伊斯坦堡機場
Istanbul Airport
伊斯坦堡機場
Istanbul Airport (北大西洋)
跑道
方向 長度 表面
米 呎
16L/34R 3,750 12,303 瀝青
16R/34L 3,750 12,303 瀝青
17L/35R 4,100 13,451 瀝青
17R/35L 4,100 13,451 瀝青
18/36 3,060 10,039 瀝青、混凝土
統計數據（2020）
起落架次185,642
客流量（人次）23,409,132（其中國際旅客15,994,695）
貨運量（公噸）869,289
來源: Turkish AIP at Eurocontrol[2]

歷史

已隱藏部分未翻譯內容，歡迎參與翻譯。
 
Terminal building exterior
 
Entrance area
 
Terminal building interior
 
Airside area interior

背景

伊斯坦堡阿塔圖克機場空間不足的問題使得增建跑道變得困難。這限制了機場及其所在城市的發展。因此，土耳其機場管理局無法讓更多的航班、貨物容納於伊斯坦堡阿塔圖克機場。這增加了與空中交通擁擠相關的問題。因此，他們決定建造另一個機場。這個機場旨在服務伊斯坦堡。

由於伊斯坦堡阿塔圖克機場停機位不足，土耳其航空公司的飛機被轉移到薩比哈·格克琴機場。薩比哈·格克琴機場的航站樓已達到最大容量，可為2500萬乘客提供服務。此外，在2015年，該機場已經為2800萬乘客提供了服務。這一現像是由於2013年以來交通增長率平均為20％。

伊斯坦堡阿塔圖克機場是歐洲最繁忙的機場之一。自2013年以來，它在客流量方面一直位居歐洲五大繁忙機場之列。在2017年，伊斯坦布爾的兩個機場共處理了超過1億名乘客。[3]就區域機場面積而言，倫敦地區的六個機場每年為超過1.5億名乘客提供服務，而巴黎地區的三個機場每年為大約1億名乘客提供服務。

Location

有關當局決定在 Arnavutköy, Göktürk, 和 Çatalca, 伊斯坦布爾市中心以北和之間 黑海 的沿岸城鎮 Yeniköy​（土耳其語）, Tayakadın 和 Akpınar 道路交叉口建設新機場. 這個區域 7,600-公頃（19,000-英畝） 鄰近 Lake Terkos. 有些 6,172公頃（15,250英畝） 區域是國有林地. 伊斯坦布爾機場和阿塔圖爾克機場之間的距離約為 35 km（22 mi）. The area encompassed old open-pit coal mines, which were later filled with soil.[4]

According to the Environmental Impact Assessment (ÇED) report published in April 2013, there were a total of 2,513,341 trees in the area and 657,950 of them would need to be cut indispensably, while 1,855,391 trees would be moved to new places. However, the Ministry of Forest and Water Management claimed the exact number of trees cut and moved would only be revealed after construction was complete.[4]

Construction

For Istanbul Atatürk Airport, a tender was made for its construction as well as its functioning. The same was held on May 3, 2013. 4 stages of construction were decided for this project. It is said that with the completion of these stages, the airport being constructed could serve many passengers. Their number was estimated to be around 200 million. Considering the time when the airport was being planned, this serving capacity could be the biggest across the globe. It was decided that in a duration of 42 months, stage 1 would be complete. Also, the handing over of land would get over. The project aimed at utilizing around €7 billion. This sum did not include any financing cost.

The government assured a consortium for both construction purposes and operation. Further, passengers in a number of 342 million were assured over a period of 12 years. Grimshaw, based in London, headed this design team. The team had the Nordic Office of Architecture from Norway. In addition, Haptic, based in London, was also a part of the team.

At the bidding session on 3 May 2013, only four out of fifteen Turkish and two foreign companies that were qualified as bidders showed up. The Turkish joint venture consortium of Cengiz-Kolin-Limak-Mapa-Kalyon won the tender and were obliged to pay the government €26.142 billion including value-added tax for a 25-year lease starting from 2018. The completion date of the construction's first stage was officially set for 2018 – 42 months after the finalization of the tender's approval.[4]

The groundbreaking ceremony took place on 7 June 2014,[5] though construction only started in May 2015 after the land was officially handed over.[6]

The inauguration of the airport took place on the planned date of 29 October 2018. It was reported that the first test landing at the airport would take place on 26 February 2018; however, the first landing took place on 20 June 2018.[7] Testing of navigational and electronic systems with DHMİ aircraft had begun on 15 May 2018.[8]

The control tower is in the shape of the Turkish national flower, the tulip.[9]

Project stages

The construction of the airport is taking place in several stages, expanding the airport and its facilities over time.[10][11][12][13]

The first stage consists of the main terminal, with an annual passenger capacity of 90 million and an area of 1,440,000 m2（15,500,000 sq ft） – making it the world's largest airport terminal building under a single roof,[14] despite Dubai International Airport Terminal 3 having a larger floor area at 1,713,000 m2（18,440,000 sq ft） due to tunnels connecting its two concourses. There will also be two pairs of parallel runways connected to eight parallel taxiways to the west of the main terminal, approximately 4,000,000 m2（43,000,000 sq ft） of apron space, and an indoor car-park with a capacity of 12,000 vehicles. In addition, the airport will feature three technical blocks for repairs, maintenance, and fueling, as well as an air traffic control tower, eight ramp control towers, and hangars for cargo and general aviation aircraft.[15] Several other services are also to be in operation, including hospitals, frequent-flyer and VIP lounges, prayer rooms, convention centers, and hotels; some of these are expected to form part of the Istanbul Airport City project.[16]

The second stage will add a third independent runway to the east of the main terminal, as well as a fourth remote runway with an east–west heading and additional taxiways and apron areas. The third stage is planned to add a second passenger terminal with a capacity of 60 million annual passengers and an estimated area of around 960,000 m2（10,300,000 sq ft）, as well as an additional runway and new support facilities area. The final and fourth stage of expansion will, along with adding another runway, allow for the construction of satellite terminals with a combined capacity of 50 million passengers and area of up to 800,000 m2（8,600,000 sq ft） if needed.[15]

Once fully completed by 2025, the airport will have six sets of runways (eight in total), 16 taxiways, and a total annual passenger capacity of 150 million passengers.[14][17] If fully expanded to a capacity of 200 million, the airport will exhibit four terminal buildings with interconnecting rail access that combine for a total indoor area of 3,200,000 m2（34,000,000 sq ft）. The airport will also have a 6,500,000 m2（70,000,000 sq ft） apron with a parking capacity of 500 aircraft, VIP lounges, cargo and general aviation facilities, a state palace, and indoor and outdoor parking that can accommodate up to 70,000 cars. A medical center, aircraft rescue and firefighting stations, hotels, convention centers, power plants, and wastewater treatment facilities will also be built.

Controversies

The Turkish Chamber of Environmental Engineers (ÇMO) took the project tender to court on grounds that the project violated the existing legislation for the preparation of the Environmental Impact Assessment (ÇED) report.[4] In February 2014, an Istanbul administrative court ordered construction of the airport to be suspended.[18] However, the groundbreaking ceremony still took place a few months later, on 7 June 2014.[5]

A report published in Turkish newspaper Cumhuriyet in February 2018 claimed that more than 400 workers had been killed during the construction of the airport, with accidents killing three to four workers every week, and families of the killed workers being paid to remain silent about the incidents.[19][20] Turkish daily Evrensel also alleged that fatal accidents continued to occur.[20] This prompted opposition MP Veli Ağbaba to submit a written questionnaire to the Turkish parliament on 13 February 2018. In response, the Turkish Ministry of Labour and Social Security claimed that there were only 27 fatalities during the construction of the airport.[21] In October 2019, UK publications Construction News and Architects' Journal published a joint investigation into fatalities at the airport, nicknamed by workers "the cemetery" as so many have died.[22] By this point, the official death toll had risen to 55, h unofficial estimates suggested that the figure could be "higher than 400". Four architects worked on the airport's design, three of them being UK-based: Grimshaw Architects, Scott Brownrigg, and Haptic Architects.[22]

Mass worker protests broke out on 14 September 2018 after a bus carrying workers crashed, injuring 17. Complaints by workers included poor living conditions in "vermin-infested dormitories", issues in transportation that had left them stranded under the rain or on site during holidays, and long delays in payments, among others.[23][24] Police and gendarmerie forces were called in and workers eventually returned to work under alleged threats of arrest or further withholding of wages.[23]

On 19 December 2018, part of the airport construction site was flooded after heavy rainfall.[25]

In January 2020, MP Meral Danış Bestaş demanded an explanation for why the new translation service of 36 languages at Istanbul Airport did not include Kurdish, the biggest minority language and thus second-biggest language overall within Turkey.[26]

Operations

The opening ceremony took place on 29 October 2018, scheduled so as to coincide with the 95th anniversary of the proclamation of the Turkish Republic.[27] The airport had been unofficially known as 'Istanbul New Airport' during construction - the new official name of 'Istanbul Airport' was announced at the opening ceremony. The first flight from the airport was Turkish Airlines flight TK2124 to the Turkish capital Ankara on 31 October 2018.[28] On 1 November 2018, five daily flights began to arrive and depart from the airport: from Ankara, Antalya, Baku, North Nicosia, and İzmir,[29] followed by Adana and Trabzon starting in December.

Before the full transfer, all flights were operated exclusively by Turkish Airlines. Regularly scheduled flights to all of the new airport's destinations continued to depart from Atatürk and Sabiha Gökçen airports alongside these trial flights. It was originally planned that on 31 December 2018, all equipment from Atatürk Airport would be transferred to the new airport via the O-7 Motorway.[30][31] As of 17 January 2019, the transfer phase was set to start 1 March 2019.[32] However, on 25 February, the transfer phase was moved a fourth time to 5 April 2019.[33]

The full transfer of all scheduled commercial passenger flights from Istanbul Atatürk Airport to the new Istanbul Airport took place on 6 April 2019 between 02:00 and 14:00. Hundreds of trucks carried more than 10,000 pieces of equipment, each weighing about 44 tons were moved to the new airport over 41 hours.[34] Istanbul Atatürk Airport's IATA code IST was also transferred to the new airport.

新機場的位置

新機場位於伊斯坦堡市區往北約35公里的阿爾納武特柯伊市，若從伊斯坦堡市區出發乘搭巴士前往新機場約需40分鐘。

機場設施

該機場目前有一個為國內和國際航班服務的航站樓和5個正在運行的跑道。 兩條 17/35 跑道的長度均為 4,100 米（13,451 呎），而 16/34 跑道的長度為 3,750 米（12,303 呎）。 17L/35R 和 16R/34L 跑道寬 60 米（197 呎），而 17R/35L 和 16L/34R 跑道寬 45 米（148 呎）；所有跑道表面均為瀝青。

大堂

機場共有5個大堂（客運大樓），字母排列為 A、B、D、F、G，共有 143 座旅客登機橋。 G大堂位於東南部，專供國內航班使用。 位於 G 大堂以北的 F 大堂的3個旅客登機橋也已分配給國內航班。 大堂 A、B、D 和 F 則用於國際航班使用；C 和 E 大堂直接連接到主航站樓，因此不是獨立的大堂。

安全

3,500 名保全人員、 1,850 名警察、及 750 名移民官員，為機場提供安全保障。使用地面雷達保護機場周邊，每 60 米設置固定閉路監視器，每 360 米設置可平移、傾斜、變焦等之高級監視器，每 720 米安裝一光纖傳感熱像儀。 營運中的航站樓使用多達 9,000 個以上閉路監視器。

▲備註：機場設施已由 Laithomas 翻譯完畢，還請更為專業之維基百科使用者協助調整排版及原文所附圖片，感恩~

已隱藏部分未翻譯內容，歡迎參與翻譯。
 
Airport Layout (as of December 2020)

The airport currently has one terminal in service for domestic and international flights and four runways that are currently in operation. The two 17/35 runways are both 4,100 metres (13,451 feet) long, while the 16/34 runways are both 3,750 metres (12,303 feet) long. Runways 17L/35R and 16R/34L are 60 metres (197 feet) wide, while 17R/35L and 16L/34R are 45 metres (148 feet) wide. All runway surfaces are asphalt.[35]

Concourses

The airport features a total of five concourses lettered A, B, D, F, and G with a total of 143 passenger boarding bridges. Concourse G, which is located in the southeast, is reserved solely for domestic flights. Three passenger boarding bridges of Concourse F which is directly to the north of Concourse G have also been allocated for domestic flights. Concourses A, B, D, and F are used for international flights. The C and E concourses connect directly to the main terminal and are therefore not independent concourses.[36]

Security

3,500 security personnel and a total of 1,850 police, including 750 immigration officers, provide the airport's security.[37] The site's perimeter is protected using ground radar, fixed CCTV cameras every 60 meters, pan–tilt–zoom cameras every 360 meters, thermal cameras and fiber optic sensors every 720 meters. The active terminal building uses up to 9,000 CCTV cameras.[38]

航空公司及航點

客運

航空公司目的地客運大樓
  土耳其航空（國際線） 歐洲：阿姆斯特丹、阿斯特拉罕（英語：Narimanovo Airport）、雅典、巴塞隆拿、巴里（英語：Bari Karol Wojtyła Airport）、巴塞爾/米盧斯、貝爾格萊德、柏林-泰格爾、畢爾包、比隆、伯明翰、波隆納、波爾多（英語：Bordeaux–Mérignac Airport）、不來梅、布魯塞爾、布加勒斯特、布達佩斯、卡塔尼亞、基希訥烏、科隆/波昂、康斯坦察（英語：Mihail Kogălniceanu International Airport）、哥本哈根、第聶伯羅彼得羅夫斯克、都柏林、杜布羅夫尼克、杜塞爾多夫、愛丁堡、法蘭克福、腓特烈港、日內瓦、熱那亞、哥德堡、格拉茨、漢堡、漢諾威、赫爾辛基、伊萬諾-弗蘭科夫斯克、卡爾斯魯厄/巴登-巴登、喀山、赫爾松、基輔-鮑里斯波爾、萊比錫/哈雷、里斯本、盧布爾雅那、倫敦-格域、倫敦-希斯路、盧森堡、利維夫（英語：Lviv Danylo Halytskyi International Airport）、里昂、馬德里、馬拉加、馬耳他、曼徹斯特、馬賽、米蘭-馬爾彭薩、明斯克-國際、莫斯科-伏努科沃、慕尼黑、明斯特/奧斯納布呂克、納傑夫（英語：Al Najaf International Airport）、納希切萬、那不勒斯、尼斯、紐倫堡、敖德薩、奧斯陸-加勒穆恩、巴黎-戴高樂、比薩、波德戈里察、波爾圖、布拉格、普里什蒂納、里加、羅馬-菲烏米奇諾、頓河畔羅斯托夫、鹿特丹/海牙、聖彼得堡、薩爾茨堡、薩拉熱窩、斯科普里、索契、索菲亞、斯塔夫羅波爾（英語：Stavropol Shpakovskoye Airport）、斯德哥爾摩-阿蘭達、斯圖加特、塔林、塞薩洛尼基、地拉那、圖盧茲、都靈、烏法、華倫西亞、瓦爾納、威尼斯-馬可·波羅、維也納、維爾紐斯、華沙-蕭邦、科利佐沃、薩格勒布、扎波羅熱、蘇黎世
亞洲：阿布扎比、阿瓦士、阿拉木圖、安曼-阿勒婭王后、亞喀巴、阿什哈巴德、阿斯塔納、巴格達、巴林、 巴庫、曼谷-蘇萬那普、巴斯拉、巴統、北京-首都、貝魯特、比什凱克、科倫坡、達曼、德里、達卡、多哈、杜拜-國際、杜尚別、艾比爾、占賈、艾卜哈、廣州、河內、胡志明市、香港、伊斯法罕、伊斯蘭堡、雅加達-蘇加諾-哈達國、吉達、喀布爾、卡拉奇、特里布萬、克爾曼沙赫（英語：Kermanshah Airport）、苦盞、[39]吉隆坡、科威特、拉合爾、馬累、馬尼拉[40]、馬什哈德、馬扎里沙里夫、麥地那、孟買、馬斯喀特、尼科西亞、托爾馬切沃、奧什、大阪-關西、布吉、利雅得、撒馬爾罕、首爾-仁川、上海-浦東、設拉子、新加坡、蘇萊曼尼亞、大不里士、塔伊夫、臺北-桃園、塔什干、第比利斯、德黑蘭-伊瑪目霍梅尼、特拉維夫、東京-成田、烏蘭巴托、延布、西安-咸陽、雅溫得
非洲：阿比讓、阿布賈、[41]阿克拉、亞的斯亞貝巴、亞歷山大港（英語：Borg El Arab Airport）、阿爾及爾、塔那那利佛[42]、阿斯馬拉、巴馬科、巴特納（英語：Mostépha Ben Boulaid Airport）、開羅、開普敦、卡薩布蘭卡、柯那克里、君士坦丁（英語：Mohamed Boudiaf International Airport）、波多諾伏、達喀爾、達累斯薩拉姆、自由城、樂蜀、洪加達、吉布提、杜阿拉、恩德培/坎帕拉、約翰內斯堡-奧利弗·坦博、朱巴、卡諾（英語：Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport）、喀土穆、基加利、乞力馬扎羅、金沙薩-恩吉利、拉各斯、利伯維爾、塞舌爾、馬普托[43]、毛里裘斯、米蘇拉塔（英語：Misrata Airport）、摩加迪沙、蒙巴薩、恩賈梅納、奈羅比、尼亞美、努瓦克肖特、瓦赫蘭、瓦加杜古、沙姆沙伊赫、特萊姆森（英語：Zenata – Messali El Hadj Airport）、突尼斯、桑給巴爾（英語：Abeid Amani Karume International Airport）
北美洲/中美洲/加勒比海：亞特蘭大[44]、波士頓、坎昆、芝加哥-奧黑爾、夏灣拿、休斯敦-國際、洛杉磯、墨西哥城、邁亞密、[43]蒙特利爾–特魯多、紐約-甘迺迪、巴拿馬市、三藩市[45]、多倫多-皮爾遜、華盛頓-杜勒斯、溫哥華
南美洲：波哥大、加拉加斯、布宜諾斯艾利斯-埃塞薩、聖保羅–瓜魯柳斯
大洋洲：墨爾本、悉尼(2024年12月4日開辦)		 2
  土耳其航空（國內線）阿達納（英語：Adana Şakirpaşa Airport）、阿德亞曼、阿勒、加濟帕夏、安卡拉、安塔利亞、巴特曼、賓格爾、博德魯姆（英語：Milas–Bodrum Airport）、恰納卡萊、達拉曼、代尼茲利、迪亞巴克爾、埃拉澤、埃爾津詹、埃爾祖魯姆、加濟安泰普（英語：Gaziantep Airport）、哈卡里、哈塔伊、厄德爾、伊茲密爾、卡赫拉曼馬拉什、卡爾斯（英語：Kars Harakani Airport）、卡斯塔莫努、開塞利、科尼亞、屈塔希亞（英語：Zafer Airport）、馬拉蒂亞、馬爾丁、阿馬西亞、穆什、內夫謝希爾、奧爾杜-吉雷松（英語：Ordu-Giresun Airport）、薩姆松（英語：Samsun-Çarşamba Airport）、尚勒烏爾法（英語：Şanlıurfa GAP Airport）、舍爾納克、錫諾普、錫瓦斯、特拉布宗、凡城 1
  天鹿航空（英語：Onur Air） 阿達納（英語：Adana Şakirpaşa Airport）、安塔利亞、加濟帕夏、博德魯姆（英語：Milas–Bodrum Airport）、達拉曼、迪亞巴克爾、埃拉澤、埃爾祖魯姆、加濟安泰普（英語：Oğuzeli Airport）、伊茲密爾、馬拉蒂亞（英語：Malatya Erhaç Airport）、薩姆松（英語：Samsun-Çarşamba Airport）、特拉布宗 1
  奧努爾航空（英語：Onur Air） 阿姆斯特丹、柏林-泰格爾、杜塞爾多夫、埃爾詹、法蘭克福、敖德薩、巴黎-戴高樂、斯圖加特、[46] 維也納[47] 2
  飛馬航空 伊茲密爾 1
  阿斯塔納航空 阿拉木圖、阿斯塔納、阿特勞、阿克套 2
  斯卡特航空 阿克套、卡拉干達（英語：Sary-Arka Airport）、奇姆肯特 2
  索蒙航空 杜尚別 2
  塔吉克航空 杜尚別 2
  土庫曼斯坦航空 阿什哈巴德、土庫曼巴希 2
  烏茲別克斯坦航空 塔什干 2
  阿塞拜疆航空 巴庫 2
  白俄羅斯航空 明斯克-國際 2
  俄羅斯航空 莫斯科-謝列梅捷沃 2
  俄羅斯航空
由俄羅斯國家航空營運		 聖彼得堡 2
  雅庫茨克航空克拉斯諾達爾 2
  北風航空下卡姆斯克（英語：Begishevo Airport） －
  烏克蘭國際航空 基輔、利維夫（英語：Lviv Danylo Halytskyi International Airport） 2
  第聶伯航空 第聶伯羅彼得羅夫斯克 2
  伊朗ATA航空 大不里士[48]、德黑蘭 2
  伊朗航空 大不里士、德黑蘭 2
  馬漢航空 德黑蘭 2
  梅拉傑航空（英語：Meraj Airlines） 德黑蘭、馬什哈德 2
  格什姆島航空（英語：Qeshm Airlines） 德黑蘭 2
  扎格羅斯山航空（英語：Zagros Airlines） 德黑蘭 2
  裏海航空 德黑蘭-伊瑪目霍梅尼 2
  阿里亞納阿富汗航空 喀布爾 2
  阿聯酋航空 杜拜-國際 2
  阿提哈德航空 阿布扎比 2
  半島航空科威特 2
  科威特航空 科威特 2
  伊拉克航空 巴格達、巴斯拉、艾比爾 2
  扎格羅斯噴射航空（英語：Zagrosjet） 艾比爾 2
  中東航空 貝魯特 2
  卡塔爾航空 多哈 2
  海灣航空 巴林、科威特 2
  沙特阿拉伯航空 達曼、吉達、麥地那、利雅得 2
  皇家約旦航空 安曼-阿勒婭王后 2
  摩爾多瓦航空 基希訥烏 2
  羅馬尼亞航空 布加勒斯特 2
  塞爾維亞航空貝爾格萊德 2
  愛琴海航空 雅典 2
  愛琴海航空
由奧林匹克航空營運		季節性：雅典 2
  LOT波蘭航空 華沙-蕭邦 2
  西班牙國家航空 馬德里 2
  捷特飛航空 布魯塞爾、沙勒羅瓦 2
  荷蘭皇家航空 阿姆斯特丹 2
  英國航空 倫敦-希斯路 2
  漢莎航空 法蘭克福
季節性：慕尼黑 		2
  朱恩航空 巴黎-戴高樂 2
  瑞士國際航空 蘇黎世 2
  中國國際航空 北京-首都 2
  中國南方航空 北京-大興 、廣州 、烏魯木齊 2
  四川航空 成都-天府 2
  吉祥航空 上海-浦東 2
  韓亞航空 首爾-仁川 2
  大韓航空 首爾-仁川 2
  新加坡航空 新加坡 2
  布拉克航空（英語：Buraq Air） 的黎波里 2
  泛非航空 貝達（英語：Al Abraq International Airport）、的黎波里 2
  阿爾及利亞航空 阿爾及爾、安納巴、君士坦丁（英語：Mohamed Boudiaf International Airport）、瓦赫蘭（英語：Oran Es Sénia Airport） 2
  埃及航空 開羅 2
  摩洛哥皇家航空 達爾貝達 2
  突尼斯航空 突尼斯 2

貨運

航空公司目的地
加拿大航空貨運（英語：Air Canada Cargo）[49][50] 蒙特利爾, 多倫多
ASL法國航空（英語：ASL Airlines France）[51] 格拉斯-奧洛涅、巴黎
比利時航空[52] 格拉斯-奧洛涅
敦豪航空[53] 萊比錫/哈雷
以色列航空[54] 特拉維夫
阿聯酋貨運航空[55] 杜拜、倫敦/希斯路
漢莎貨運航空[56][57] 法蘭克福
卡塔爾航空[58] 多哈
絲綢之路西部航空（英語：Silk Way West Airlines）[59] 巴庫、基輔
新加坡貨運航空[60][61] 新加坡
香港貨運航空 香港
聯合包裹服務航空[62][63] 波恩

啟用狀況

斤資116億美金興建的新機場，原計劃在2018年10月29日第一期竣工啟用，但由於工程嚴重延誤，新機場只能在2018年10月29日局部啟用，而第一期全面竣工日期延誤至2019年4月6日，而4月6日起，原伊斯坦堡阿塔圖克機場的所有客運航班轉移至此，而當第四期工程在2028年全面竣工後，每年可處理1.5億旅客，4座客運大樓，還有6條跑道（第一期只有4條跑道），以及500個停機坪（其中143個停機位附有登機橋），每小時可處理19架次升降，第四期竣工後將成為全球最大的機場。

機埸客運大樓的屋頂採用凸孤度設計，由一枝枝小型的支柱支撐着屋頂，可以從外面引入一些自然光線，而客運大樓上方的屋頂形成了一個個彎曲的三角形，而玻璃最上方形成了彎曲，而屋頂也形成了一個三角形。

事故和事件

2022年11月 - 有人對飛往機場的俄羅斯航空公司SU2130型飛機發出了炸彈威脅。正因為如此，飛機在14:00降落在伊斯坦堡機場後被帶到了一個安全的停車區以確保安全。飛機停放在安全地點後，警察小組對飛機進行了搜查，確定威脅是假的。[64]

統計

以下是伊斯坦堡機場2018-2023年的乘客數據和增減記錄[65]：

請參閱源Wikidata查詢.

伊斯坦堡機場乘客統計[66]
年份 國內旅客發送量 變化 國際旅客發送量 變化 合計 變化
20181 65,006 ━ 30,199 ━ 95,205 ━
2019 12,574,641 ▲ 19243.9% 39,434,579 ▲ 130482.4% 52,009,220 ▲ 54528.7%
2020 7,414,437 ▼ 41% 15,994,695 ▼ 59.6% 23,409,132 ▼ 55%
2021 10,590,203 ▲ 42% 26,586,306 ▲ 67% 37,176,509 ▲ 59%
2022 15,894,315 ▲ 49% 48,591,863 ▲ 83% 64,486,178 ▲ 73%
2023(截至2月) 2,396,623 ▲ 29% 8,371,441 ▲ 61% 10,768,064 ▲ 53%

^1 : 2018年的統計數據對應於機場開放以來的2018年最後3個月。

聯外交通

已隱藏部分未翻譯內容，歡迎參與翻譯。

Although currently the airport is only serviced from the city by affordable private Havaist and public İETT buses,[67] it will eventually be linked by two lines of the Istanbul Metro. The new M11 line starting from Gayrettepe station is scheduled to open in late 2021. Another from Halkalı on the Marmaray rail line is expected to be completed in 2022.[68]

上一站 Istanbul Metro 下一站
Template:Istanbul Metro lines

Mainline railway will connect the airport to Halkalı, and via outer city bypass running over the Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge across the Bosporus and connecting with the Asian rail network at Gebze.[69]

Taxi

Istanbul city taxis are readily available 24 hours a day outside the arrival and departure areas of the airport. A trip to Istanbul city centre by taxi takes approximately 40 minutes.[70]

參考資料

  1. ^ Istanbul Airport, 'world's new hub,' officially opened. www.aa.com.tr. [2022-05-01]. （原始內容存檔於2022-05-08）. 
  2. ^ General Directorate Of State Airports Authority. [2021-01-19]. （原始內容存檔於2020-07-14）. 
  3. ^ Turkish Airport Traffic Statistics. DHMI Turkey. [18 March 2016]. （原始內容存檔於2018-01-18）. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Consortium wins Istanbul airport tender for 22.1 billion euros. Hürriyet Daily News. 3 May 2013 [3 May 2013]. （原始內容存檔於2017-10-18）. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Grundsteinlegung für Mega-Flughafen in Istanbul. （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） welt.de, 7. Juni 2014; retrieved, 8 June 2014
  6. ^ Construction of new Istanbul airport officially starts under shadow of challenges, questions. 18 July 2015 [21 July 2015]. （原始內容存檔於2 August 2015）. 
  7. ^ - "Istanbul Grand Airport to open in October 2018" （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） (German) 6 October 2017
  8. ^ 3. Havalimanı'nın yüzde 90'ı tamamlandı. trthaber.com. 27 May 2018 [1 October 2018]. （原始內容存檔於1 July 2018） （土耳其語）. 
  9. ^ Suri, Charu. This New Airport Is Larger Than Manhattan. Architectural Digest. 25 October 2018 [15 June 2019]. （原始內容存檔於2022-01-24）. 
  10. ^ Dünyanın en büyük havalimanı İstanbul'a yapılıyor. Star. 24 January 2013 [24 January 2013]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-19）. 
  11. ^ Istanbul's third airport 71 pct completed. Daily Sabah. 10 November 2017 [10 November 2017]. （原始內容存檔於2022-01-24）. 
  12. ^ İGA - About the Construction. igairport.com. [27 March 2018]. （原始內容存檔於28 March 2018）. 
  13. ^ İGA - Aşamalar. www.igairport.com. [27 March 2018]. （原始內容存檔於30 April 2018）. 
  14. ^ 14.0 14.1 Construction - İGA. igairport.com. [6 April 2019]. （原始內容存檔於1 April 2019）. 
  15. ^ 15.0 15.1 Phases - İGA. igairport.com. [6 April 2019]. （原始內容存檔於1 April 2019）. 
  16. ^ Istanbul Airport City - İGA. igairport.com. [6 April 2019]. （原始內容存檔於2021-10-05）. 
  17. ^ Ay, Hasan. Havalimanı değil zafer anıtı. sabah.com.tr. Sabah. [8 June 2014]. （原始內容存檔於2018-08-28）. 
  18. ^ İstanbul court orders suspension of 3rd airport's construction. Today's Zaman. 10 February 2014 [8 June 2014]. （原始內容存檔於26 February 2014）. 
  19. ^ Güsten, Susanne. Staunen und Sterben auf dem neuen Mega-Flughafen in Istanbul [Amazement and dying at the new mega-airport in Istanbul]. Augsburger Allgemeine. 25 February 2018 [26 February 2018]. （原始內容存檔於2021-04-27） （德語）. 
  20. ^ 20.0 20.1 Seibert, Thomas. Mega airport project in Turkey's Istanbul rocked by deaths of dozens of workers. The Arab Weekly. 25 February 2018 [31 October 2018]. （原始內容存檔於2022-01-24）. 
  21. ^ Boyacıoğlu, Hacer. Turkish government says 27 workers killed in Istanbul's third airport construction. Hürriyet. 14 February 2018 [26 February 2018]. （原始內容存檔於2018-09-19）. 
  22. ^ 22.0 22.1 Garner-Purkis, Zac; Hurst, Will. Investigation: the human cost of building the world's biggest airport. Architects' Journal. 10 October 2019 [10 October 2019]. （原始內容存檔於2019-12-15）. 
  23. ^ 23.0 23.1 Workers forced to build new airport under gendarmerie supervision in Istanbul. Ahval. 17 September 2018 [15 October 2018]. （原始內容存檔於15 October 2018）. 
  24. ^ Öztürk, Fundanur. 3. Havalimanı eylemleri: İşçiler ne talep ediyor, ana firma İGA taleplere ne diyor?. BBC News Türkçe. 20 September 2018 [15 October 2018]. （原始內容存檔於15 October 2018） （土耳其語）. 
  25. ^ Istanbul's new airport site floods after heavy rain. 19 December 2018 [20 December 2018]. 
  26. ^ Kurdish absent from Istanbul Airport's instant translation service. Ahval. [6 March 2020]. （原始內容存檔於2021-04-27） （英語）. 
  27. ^ 'Istanbul Airport' inaugurated as Erdoğan says Atatürk Airport will remain in downsized form. Hürriyet Daily News. 29 October 2018 [29 October 2018]. （原始內容存檔於2022-01-24）. 
  28. ^ First flight departs from Istanbul's new airport. The Washington Post. [2 November 2018]. （原始內容存檔於31 October 2018）. 
  29. ^ Yeni Havalimanı'nda THY'nin ilk uçuş fiyatları belli oldu. Habertürk. 11 October 2018 [2022-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於2022-01-24）. 
  30. ^ Kokpit.aero'nun dediği çıktı: İstanbul Yeni Havalimanı için taşınma tarihi açıklandı. www.kokpit.aero. 5 October 2018 [6 October 2018]. （原始內容存檔於2018-11-07） （土耳其語）. 
  31. ^ New Istanbul airport to only open fully at end of year: paper. Reuters. 13 October 2018 [15 October 2018]. （原始內容存檔於2022-01-24）. 
  32. ^ TRANSFER PROGRAMME FOR ISTANBUL AIRPORT (LTFM) (PDF). Eurocontrol NOP. 17 January 2019 [2022-01-24]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2019-01-19）. 
  33. ^ TRANSFER PROGRAMME FOR ISTANBUL AIRPORT (LTFM) (PDF). Eurocontrol NOP. 25 February 2019 [2022-01-24]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2019-02-26）. 
  34. ^ Insider, Alexandra Ma, Business. Turkey's national carrier moved all its flights from Istanbul's old airport to its shiny replacement in a single, stressful, 41-hour 'big bang'. Business Insider Deutschland. [9 April 2019] （德語）. [失效連結]
  35. ^ LTFM Chart. 4 October 2018. （原始內容存檔於6 November 2018）. 
  36. ^ Istanbul Airport Map. [2022-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於2019-04-15）. 
  37. ^ 29 Ekim'de ilk etabı açılacak. Habertürk. 3 November 2018 [6 November 2018]. （原始內容存檔於6 November 2018） （tr-TR）. 
  38. ^ İlk kez İstanbul Havalimanı'nda kullanılacak. NTV. 3 November 2018 [6 November 2018]. （原始內容存檔於6 November 2018）. 
  39. ^ L, J. Turkish Airlines to Launch Khudzhand Service from August 2015. Airline Route. 29 June 2015 [29 June 2015]. （原始內容存檔於2015-10-22）. 
  40. ^ Turkish Airlines Launches a New Route to Manila (新聞稿). Turkish Airlines. [12 December 2014]. （原始內容存檔於2015-09-20）. 
  41. ^ Turkish Airlines to Start Abuja Service from March 2015. Airline Route. 27 November 2014 [27 November 2014]. （原始內容存檔於2014-11-30）. 
  42. ^ Turkish Airlines Adds Mauritius / Antananarivo Service from Dec 2015. Airlineroute.net. 4 November 2015 [2015-12-24]. （原始內容存檔於2015-11-21）. 
  43. ^ 43.0 43.1 Turkish Airlines Adds New Long-Haul Destinations in W15. [1 June 2015]. （原始內容存檔於2015-06-09）. 
  44. ^ Turkish Airlines Adds Atlanta Service from May 2016. Airline Route. 15 June 2015 [2019年4月6日]. （原始內容存檔於2015年6月15日）. 
  45. ^ Turkish Airlines S15 Operation Changes as of 23JUL14. Airline Route. 23 July 2014 [2019年4月6日]. （原始內容存檔於2014年7月24日）. 
  46. ^ Onur Air Adds Stuttgart Flight from April 2015. airlineroute. 13 February 2015 [2019-04-06]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-04）. 
  47. ^ Onur Air Adds New European Routes from Istanbul in W14. [1 June 2015]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-25）. 
  48. ^ 存档副本. [2019-04-06]. （原始內容存檔於2016-05-14）. 
  49. ^ Introducing Istanbul and More Global Capacity. [2022-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於2022-01-15）. 
  50. ^ Air Canada Cargo Schedule. [2022-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於2018-09-06）. 
  51. ^ ASL France Cargo Network. [2022-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於2020-11-05）. 
  52. ^ News, Ray. CMA CGM Air Cargo Adds Istanbul to Its Flights. RayHaber | RaillyNews. 7 June 2021 [2022-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於2021-12-16）. 
  53. ^ A300s at Istanbul. 26 October 2021 [2022-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於2021-11-02）. 
  54. ^ Israel's El Al resumes cargo flights to Turkey after decade-long pause. Daily Sabah（英語：Daily Sabah）. 26 May 2020 [2022-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於2021-11-05）. 
  55. ^ skycargo.com （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） retrieved 2 November 2020
  56. ^ Routes & Schedules - Lufthansa Cargo. lufthansa-cargo.com. [2022-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於2022-03-24）. 
  57. ^ Lufthansa Cargo Schedule. [2022-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於2021-10-29）. 
  58. ^ Qatar Airways Cargo. www.qrcargo.com. [2022-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於2022-03-15）. 
  59. ^ silkwaywest.com - Schedule （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） retrieved 17 October 2021
  60. ^ Kargo Servisi. [2022-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於2021-11-01）. 
  61. ^ Singapore Airlines Cargo Route Network. [2022-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於2021-10-29）. 
  62. ^ UPS Air Cargo Airports Served (PDF). [2022-01-24]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2022-03-25）. 
  63. ^ UPS United Parcel Service route map - Europe. www.airlineroutemaps.com. [2022-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於2020-11-24）. 
  64. ^ Moskova - İstanbul uçağında bomba alarmı: İhbar asılsız çıktı. www.cumhuriyet.com.tr. [2022-11-20]. （原始內容存檔於2022-11-25） （土耳其語）. 
  65. ^ Müdürlüğü, DHMİ Genel. Devlet Hava Meydanları İşletmesi Genel Müdürlüğü. www.dhmi.gov.tr. [23 March 2021]. （原始內容存檔於2020-07-14）. 
  66. ^ İstatistikler. DHMI. August 2021 [Sep 28, 2021]. （原始內容存檔於2020-07-14）. 
  67. ^ Public Transport - İGA. igairport.com. [6 April 2019]. （原始內容存檔於2019-04-01）. 
  68. ^ Istanbul airport metro tracklaying begins. 21 January 2020 [2022-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於2020-11-04）. 
  69. ^ İstanbul Uçak Bileti. www.ucuyos.com. [2021-08-28]. （原始內容存檔於2022-01-24）. 
  70. ^ Istanbul Airport Taxi. www.istanbul-airport.info. [2022-01-24]. （原始內容存檔於2022-03-21）. 

外部連結

取自 "https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=伊斯坦堡機場&oldid=84576953"