瓜笄黴學名Choanephora cucurbitarum)是一種植物病原真菌,屬於毛黴目英語Mucorales,可引起各種葫蘆的果實和花朵腐爛。它也可能會影響秋葵敏豆豇豆,且可能導致睡茄腐敗。2017年,Das等人在對印度的茄子凹萼木鱉扁豆豌豆進行研究後,增加了更多關於瓜笄黴的病理指標。瓜笄黴好發於高溫高濕的環境,並且會在土壤中盤據。瓜笄黴主要的病徵是會感染果實及葉子,其中包含水浸狀的病徵或壞疽型病斑,且發展快速。當真菌開始產生孢子時,受影響的植株組織會因孢子囊遍佈而呈灰褐色及毛茸狀。

瓜笄黴
瓜笄黴感染南瓜的花
科學分類 編輯
界: 真菌界 Fungi
門: 毛黴門 Mucoromycota
綱: 毛霉綱 Mucoromycetes
目: 毛霉目 Mucorales
科: 笄黴科 Choanephoraceae
屬: 笄黴屬 Choanephora
種:
瓜笄黴 C. cucurbitarum
二名法
Choanephora cucurbitarum
(Berk. & Ravenel) Thaxt., (1903)
異名

Choanephora americana A. Møller, (1901)
Choanephora heterospora B.S. Mehrotra & M.D. Mehrotra, (1962) [1961]
Choanephora infundibulifera f. cucurbitarum (Berk. & Ravenel) Schipper
Choanephora mandshurica (Saito & H. Nagan.) F.L. Tai, (1934)
Choanephora simsonii D.D. Cunn. [as 'simsoni'], (1895)
Choanephorella cucurbitarum (Berk. & Ravenel) Vuill., (1904)
Cunninghamella mandshurica Saito & H. Nagan., (1915)
Mucor cucurbitarum Berk. & Ravenel, (1875)
Mucor curtus Berk. & M.A. Curtis, (1875)
Rhopalomyces cucurbitarum Berk. & Ravenel, (1875)
Rhopalomyces elegans var. cucurbitarum (Berk. & Ravenel) Marchal, (1893)

性狀描述

瓜笄黴帶有小孢子囊(sporangiola)的孢子囊柄直立、透明且無分枝,頂端膨大長出棒狀囊泡,從囊泡中產生二分枝狀,亦呈棍棒狀的二級囊泡。小型孢子囊為不開裂的,呈橢球狀,顏色為棕色至深棕色,具有明顯的縱向條紋,尺寸為12-20μm x 6-12μm。孢子囊呈球狀,含有多枚孢子,最初的顏色為白色至黃色,成熟時呈淺棕色至深棕色,尺寸為40-160μm。來自孢子囊的孢子囊柄呈橢圓形至寬橢圓形,顏色為棕色至深棕色,具有細小透明極性附屬物的不透明條紋,尺寸為16-20 µm x 8-12 µm。[1]

參考文獻

  1. ^ A. Saroj, A. Kumar, N. Qamar, M. Alam, H.N. Singh and A. Khaliq. First report of wet rot of Withania somnifera caused by Choanephora cucurbitarum in India 96 (2). Plant Disease. 2012. doi:10.1094/PDIS-09-11-0801. 
  • P. M. Kirk. Mycol. Pap. 152:1, 1984.
  • S. Das, S.Dutta, B.Mondal. 2017 First report of Choanephora cucurbitarum, causing leaf blight of hyacinthbean [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet], in India. Journal of Plant Pathology 99 (2), 533-543 {{DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4454/jpp.v99i2.3899}}
  • S. Das, S.Dutta, A. Chattopadhyay, and B.Mondal. 2017 First report of Choanephora infundibulifera causing blossom blight of teasle gourd in India. Indian Phytopathology 70(2):265-267 {{DOI: 10.24838/ip.2017.v70.i2.70780}}
  • S. Das, S.Dutta and B.Mondal. 2017 First report on blossom and leaf blight of aubergine (Solanum melongena L.) caused by Choanephora infundibulifera (Currey) Sacc., in India. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology Vol 47(1):69-73.
  • S. Das, S.Dutta, S.P. Kuiry, and B.Mondal. 2017 First report of twig blight disease of green pea (Pisum sativum) caused by Choanephora infundibulifera in India. Indian Phytopathology Vol 70(3):400-402 {{DOI: 10.24838/ip.2017.v70.i3.72503}}

外部連結