黄嘌呤
化合物
黄嘌呤(英语:xanthine)是一种广泛分布于人体及其他生物体的器官及体液中的一种嘌呤碱,常用作温和的兴奋剂和支气管扩张剂,特别用于治疗哮喘症状。咖啡因、茶碱及可可碱(主要在巧克力中发现)等常见的温和兴奋剂均由黄嘌呤衍生出来。[1][2][3][4]
黄嘌呤 | |
---|---|
IUPAC名 3,7-Dihydro-purine-2,6-dione | |
别名 | 1H-Purine-2,6-diol |
识别 | |
CAS号 | 69-89-6 |
PubChem | 1188 |
ChemSpider | 1151 |
SMILES |
|
DrugBank | DB02134 |
IUPHAR配体 | 4557 |
性质 | |
化学式 | C5H4N4O2 |
摩尔质量 | 152.111 g·mol⁻¹ |
外观 | 白色固体 |
熔点 | 分解 |
溶解性(水) | 1 g/ 14.5 L @ 16 °C 1 g/1.4 L @ 100 °C |
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。 |
参见
参考文献
- ^ Spiller, Gene A. (1998). Caffeine. Boca Raton: CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-2647-8 .
- ^ Daly, J. W.; Padgett, W. L.; Shamim, M. T. Analogs of caffeine and theophylline: effect of structural alterations on affinity at adenosine receptors. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (American Chemical Society (ACS)). 1986, 29 (7): 1305–1308. ISSN 0022-2623. doi:10.1021/jm00157a035.. PMID 3806581
- ^ Choi, Oksoon H.; Shamim, Mah T.; Padgett, William L.; Daly, John W. Caffeine and theophylline analogues: Correlation of behavioral effects with activity as adenosine receptor antagonists and as phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Life Sciences (Elsevier BV). 1988, 43 (5): 387–398. ISSN 0024-3205. doi:10.1016/0024-3205(88)90517-6.. PMID 2456442
- ^ Deree J, Martins JO, Melbostad H, Loomis WH, Coimbra R. Insights into the regulation of TNF-alpha production in human mononuclear cells: the effects of non-specific phosphodiesterase inhibition. Clinics (São Paulo). 2008, 63 (3): 321–8. PMC 2664230 . PMID 18568240. doi:10.1590/S1807-59322008000300006.